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Nanjing Xiaozhuang Xueyuan xuebao

An Analysis of Stability of Er-Doped Fiber Laser

Jing Xia

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The instantaneous effect of and dynamics of Er-doped fiber laser is studied.The transient effect mechanism of Er-doped fiber laser under the pumping disturbance is a kind of forced vibration behavior.The paper gives the photon population density perturbations with time in Er-doped fiber laser and the fluctuation functions of photon population density are solved at the first order approximation When pumping perturbations have white noise characteristics,the dynamical characteristic of the laser is increased with pumping perturbations;the resonance absorption extent is widened,but it makes the stability of the laser reduced at the same time.This paper elaborates that the value of photon population density will increase along with the increase of the ion density and the photon life in the resonance phenomenon,and the unstability of the laser will be strong,but the opposite value will be diminished.

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Study on time-frequency characteristics of transient response of the dynamic gratings in erbium-doped fiber

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The time-frequency characteristics of the transient response of dynamic gratings in erbium-doped fiber are different from stable gratings, which make it has great application value in the fields of fiber laser and optical fiber sensing. In consideration of the time domain characteristics, a time domain response model was built, which was based on metastable Er3+ population rate equation and light field transmission equation. The model simulated the process of establishing dynamic gratings in erbium-doped fiber with time sequence. And the theoretical results showed that the formation time of the dynamic grating gets shorter with higher pump power and shorter Erbium-doped fiber length within the effective length limits, which was consistent with the experimental results obtained by the so called “Strong light and weak light alternation” method except that the measured formation time decay ranges obviously migrated to lower pump power relative to the theoretical results. In consideration of the frequency domain characteristics, the transient two-wave mixing process was approximately simulated by using four-wave mixing equation. The transient reflectance spectra obtained through numerical calculation reflected the evolution rule of the dynamic gratings, which were coincident with the experimental results gotten by the rapid optical frequency modulation method. Under the condition of 1.8m Erbium-doped fiber, the experimental results showed that the turning saturated pump light power from the absorption type dynamic gratings to the gain type ones is about 0.05mW, the maximum relative reflectance variation of the gain dynamic gratings (3%) is 3 times of the absorption types. The measurement results have important references to the practical application of Erbium-doped fiber dynamic gratings.

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Intensity noise of erbium-doped fiber laser based on full quantum theory

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A perturbation method is used to study the interactions among the signal power, pump power, and metastable population density for fast light in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The impact of temporal pump depletion (TPD) on fast light is investigated in which TPD is the response of the pump power to the temporal variation of the metastable population density. It is found that the gain coefficient and the absolute value of the negative group velocity are overestimated without considering the TPD. The effects of high-order dispersions on fast light are also shown.

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In this paper, we propose a new pumping scheme—a dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber based on the theory of coherent population oscillation. While realizing slow light transmission, the loss of output signal light power is reduced. Using numerical simulation, we compare the effects of a single fiber without pumping, a 980 nm single pumping single fiber, and a dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber on signal light intensity loss coefficient τ and maximum time delay with the increase of input signal light power. The results show that the signal light intensity loss coefficient τ of the three structures decreases gradually with the increase of input signal light power. However, the transmission of lower signal light intensity loss coefficient τ=0.0823 and a larger time delay of 0.15 ms can be obtained under the dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber. On the basis of the dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber, the signal light intensity loss coefficient τ decreases gradually with the increase of pump ratio M (M=P1480∶P980) and the decrease of length ratio N (N=L2∶L1; L1 and L2 represent the length of the first and second cascaded optical fibers, respectively). Moreover, we compare the effects of ion density of the Er3+-doped optical fiber on the time delay of three structures. The dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber can provide a larger time delay and smaller signal light intensity loss coefficient τ at low ion density of the Er3+-doped optical fiber.

Applied Optics•Jun 26, 2019•0 citations

Dynamics of the population grating formation in erbium-doped fibers

Eduardo Hernández, Liliana O. Martínez-Martínez, Serguei I. Stepanov

"Experimental results on formation dynamics of population gratings in erbium-doped fiber (EDF) investigated via two-wave mixing (TWM) are reported. It is shown that at all three utilized essentially different recording wavelengths 1492, 1526 and 1568nm the transient TWM response in EDF with low erbium concentration (¼ 640 ppm) has the characteristic rate significantly larger than that of the population of the Er3+ meta-stable level evaluated from the fluorescence dynamics. Additionally in EDF with high erbium concentration (¼ 5600 ppm) the TWM response is faster (even at low recording power) and the relative TWM amplitude is lower than that in EDF with low concentration. General increase of the TWM response rate is explained by contribution of a transient decrease of the fiber average absorption level, while above-mentioned differences observed in heavily doped EDF - by spatial migration of the excited states. The spectral dependence of the later effect is attributed to the difference in the absorption/emission cross-section ratio of the Er3+ ions at the utilized wavelengths."

Revista Mexicana de Física•Dec 1, 2015•1 citation
The instantaneous effect of and dynamics of Er-doped fiber laser is studied.The transient effect mechanism of Er-doped fiber laser under the pumping disturbance is a kind of forced vibration behavior.The paper gives the photon population density perturbations with time in Er-doped fiber laser and the fluctuation functions of photon population density are solved at the first order approximation When pumping perturbations have white noise characteristics,the dynamical characteristic of the laser is increased with pumping perturbations;the resonance absorption extent is widened,but it makes the stability of the laser reduced at the same time.This paper elaborates that the value of photon population density will increase along with the increase of the ion density and the photon life in the resonance phenomenon,and the unstability of the laser will be strong,but the opposite value will be diminished.
The time-frequency characteristics of the transient response of dynamic gratings in erbium-doped fiber are different from stable gratings, which make it has great application value in the fields of fiber laser and optical fiber sensing. In consideration of the time domain characteristics, a time domain response model was built, which was based on metastable Er3+ population rate equation and light field transmission equation. The model simulated the process of establishing dynamic gratings in erbium-doped fiber with time sequence. And the theoretical results showed that the formation time of the dynamic grating gets shorter with higher pump power and shorter Erbium-doped fiber length within the effective length limits, which was consistent with the experimental results obtained by the so called “Strong light and weak light alternation” method except that the measured formation time decay ranges obviously migrated to lower pump power relative to the theoretical results. In consideration of the frequency domain characteristics, the transient two-wave mixing process was approximately simulated by using four-wave mixing equation. The transient reflectance spectra obtained through numerical calculation reflected the evolution rule of the dynamic gratings, which were coincident with the experimental results gotten by the rapid optical frequency modulation method. Under the condition of 1.8m Erbium-doped fiber, the experimental results showed that the turning saturated pump light power from the absorption type dynamic gratings to the gain type ones is about 0.05mW, the maximum relative reflectance variation of the gain dynamic gratings (3%) is 3 times of the absorption types. The measurement results have important references to the practical application of Erbium-doped fiber dynamic gratings.
Traditionally, by means of full quantum theory, we present the intensity noise transfer function of an Er-doped fiber laser, on the basis of which we analyze the spectrum of the intensity noise. Our theoretical results are in agreement with the existing experiment results. This model explains not only how the noise is produced, but also how the spontaneous emission and dipole fluctuations have an effect on the output noise, which cannot be explained via rate equation theory. We analyze the physical sources of various contributions to the noise spectrum as well. The simulation results show that the noise of the Er-doped fiber laser mainly consists of the vacuum noise resulting from the output coupling, dipole fluctuation noise, the pump source intensity noise, and the spontaneous emission from the upper level to the ground level, which provides the theoretical basis for noise suppression. Compared to the solid laser, the Er-doped fiber laser shows lower resonant relaxation oscillation frequency.
A perturbation method is used to study the interactions among the signal power, pump power, and metastable population density for fast light in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The impact of temporal pump depletion (TPD) on fast light is investigated in which TPD is the response of the pump power to the temporal variation of the metastable population density. It is found that the gain coefficient and the absolute value of the negative group velocity are overestimated without considering the TPD. The effects of high-order dispersions on fast light are also shown.
Abstract In this paper, we propose a general theory for the coherent population oscillation effect in an -doped optical fiber under dual-frequency laser pumping at room temperature. We aim at comparing the effect of dual pumping (1480 nm and 980 nm) with single pumping of 980 nm and single pumping of 1480 nm on time advancement. According to the numerical calculations, we analyze the relationships between relative modulation attenuation and modulation frequency, plus fractional advancement and modulation frequency under the dual-frequency pumping laser with co-propagation. Compared to single pumping, a greater change in the group refractive index can be found. The maximum time advancement of 0.24 ms under a dual-frequency pump laser with co-propagation is obtained. Moreover, we demonstrate the influence of the pump ratio M on time advancement with modulation frequencies of 40 Hz, 100 Hz and 200 Hz. The ability to control the group velocity of light could have an important application for photonics.
In this paper, we propose a new pumping scheme—a dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber based on the theory of coherent population oscillation. While realizing slow light transmission, the loss of output signal light power is reduced. Using numerical simulation, we compare the effects of a single fiber without pumping, a 980 nm single pumping single fiber, and a dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber on signal light intensity loss coefficient τ and maximum time delay with the increase of input signal light power. The results show that the signal light intensity loss coefficient τ of the three structures decreases gradually with the increase of input signal light power. However, the transmission of lower signal light intensity loss coefficient τ=0.0823 and a larger time delay of 0.15 ms can be obtained under the dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber. On the basis of the dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber, the signal light intensity loss coefficient τ decreases gradually with the increase of pump ratio M (M=P1480∶P980) and the decrease of length ratio N (N=L2∶L1; L1 and L2 represent the length of the first and second cascaded optical fibers, respectively). Moreover, we compare the effects of ion density of the Er3+-doped optical fiber on the time delay of three structures. The dual-frequency laser-pumped cascade structure of Er3+-doped optical fiber can provide a larger time delay and smaller signal light intensity loss coefficient τ at low ion density of the Er3+-doped optical fiber.
"Experimental results on formation dynamics of population gratings in erbium-doped fiber (EDF) investigated via two-wave mixing (TWM) are reported. It is shown that at all three utilized essentially different recording wavelengths 1492, 1526 and 1568nm the transient TWM response in EDF with low erbium concentration (¼ 640 ppm) has the characteristic rate significantly larger than that of the population of the Er3+ meta-stable level evaluated from the fluorescence dynamics. Additionally in EDF with high erbium concentration (¼ 5600 ppm) the TWM response is faster (even at low recording power) and the relative TWM amplitude is lower than that in EDF with low concentration. General increase of the TWM response rate is explained by contribution of a transient decrease of the fiber average absorption level, while above-mentioned differences observed in heavily doped EDF - by spatial migration of the excited states. The spectral dependence of the later effect is attributed to the difference in the absorption/emission cross-section ratio of the Er3+ ions at the utilized wavelengths."