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Journal of Hebei University

Investigation of Electromagnetically Induced Absorption

Fangyi Liu

Published Jan 1, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced absorption(EIA) is an intriguing phenomenon of light-atom interaction.The study of its nonlinear behaviors has theoretical significance and potential applications.On the basis of the researches of degenerate two-level system,N-type four-level system and quasi degenerate N-type level system,the forming mechanism and creating conditions of EIA are given.The result that destructive interference of atomic coherence leads to electromagnetically induced absorption is shown.Furthermore,the dramatic change of dispersion line in the corresponding frequency occurs in the anomalous dispersion,which can be used to realize speeding up of the light group velocity or negative group velocity.The applications of EIA are being further studied.

Related papers

Electromagnetically induced absorption in a four-state system

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Summary form only given. It is well-known that nonlinear interference effects in the resonant atom-light interaction can lead to interesting and important phenomena, such as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of atomic medium, coherent population trapping, lasing without inversion, and others. Common to all these phenomena is the appearance of light-induced coherence between atomic levels, which are not coupled by dipole transitions. Recently Akulshin and co-workers (1998-9) have observed subnatural-width resonances in the absorption on the D/sub 2/ line of rubidium vapor under excitation by two copropagating optical waves with variable frequency offset. It is remarkable that, apart from expected EIT-resonances with negative sign, authors detected positive resonances termed as electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA). More recently, similar effects in a (3+5)-state system have been described as a result of constructive interference of the dipole excitation channels. We propose a simple theoretical model for EIA - a four-state N-atom. Remember that three-state /spl Lambda/- and V-systems give the EIT-resonances only.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•May 12, 2000•0 citations

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Employing an intense laser field coupling to the degenerate two-level system of cesium 6 2S_ 1/2(F=4)- 6 2P_ 3/2(F′=5) transition in a cesium vapor cell, electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has been demonstrated via probe absorption spectra, at the same time, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of V-type three-level scheme has been demonstrated on the F=4-F′=3 and F=4-F′=4 transition frequency. The EIA is affected by the intensity and detuning of the coupling laser. By analyzing the effect of optical pumping between Zeeman sub-levels on the EIA and the coherent interactions between multiple degenerate two-level atoms, it is shown that the optical pumping affects the population of different Zeeman sub-levels and the number of the involved two-level atoms, the coherent time between the sub-levels is then changed and the linewidth and intensity of the EIA are affected accordingly.

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The quantum coherence of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT), and Electromagnetically Induced Absorption (EIA) attracted a lot attention in nonlinear process, generation of squeezing, and long-distance communication. EIT and EIA are two opposite coherence effects, EIT can result in efficient nonlinear effects due to the transparency, and EIA may prohibit atoms from generation of nonlinearity due to its absorption, however, the nonlinear in EIA system with standing wave coupling can still be observed, and was interpreted as Electromagnetically Induced Absorption Grating (EIG). We experimentally investigated the coherence in hot atoms, and observed high efficiency of emission in EIA system in both of the cases that Bragg condition is satisfied or can’t be fulfilled. Based on our calculation, the reflection is explained as the result of Four-Wave Mixing, and is enhanced by the quantum coherence and the compensation of phase mismatch from anomalous dispersion of EIA.

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In the n-type four-level atomic system, we have studied the nonlinear theory of electromagnetically induced absorption. The results show that the probe light Rabi frequency and the attenuation distribution coefficient A affect the nonlinear absorption and then the absorption of a medium. When the probe light intensity is weak, the absorption of the medium and the linear absorption are the same, showing the characteristics of electromagnetic induction absorption. When the probe light intensity is increased, the absorption of the medium and the linear absorption are no longer the same, and now the medium absorption curve will show hole burning phenomenon, and then it will show the gain phenomenon. At the same time, the nonlinear absorption is affected by the value of A. Even if the probe light is weak, the medium absorption will change the electromagnetic induction absorption into the gain phenomenon with the A value decreasing.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2011•1 citation

Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency in a closed lambda-shaped four-level system

Xiaoli Li, Lianshui Zhang, Baozhu Yang +1 more

A quasi-lambda four-level system shows both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In addition to an optical coupling field and a probing field, there is a radio field which interacts with two excited state hyperfine levels of the quasi-lambda four-level system consisting of two excited state hyperfine levels and two ground state hyperfine levels. If a driving field which interacts with two ground state hyperfine levels is introduced, the quasi-lambda four-level system is modified to a closed-lambda four-level system. The behaviors of the driving field and radio field are studied in this paper and it is seen that the occurence of EIA or EIT and the whole probing properties are controlled by the Rabi frequencies of both driving field and radio field.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2010•5 citations
Electromagnetically induced absorption(EIA) is an intriguing phenomenon of light-atom interaction.The study of its nonlinear behaviors has theoretical significance and potential applications.On the basis of the researches of degenerate two-level system,N-type four-level system and quasi degenerate N-type level system,the forming mechanism and creating conditions of EIA are given.The result that destructive interference of atomic coherence leads to electromagnetically induced absorption is shown.Furthermore,the dramatic change of dispersion line in the corresponding frequency occurs in the anomalous dispersion,which can be used to realize speeding up of the light group velocity or negative group velocity.The applications of EIA are being further studied.
Summary form only given. It is well-known that nonlinear interference effects in the resonant atom-light interaction can lead to interesting and important phenomena, such as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of atomic medium, coherent population trapping, lasing without inversion, and others. Common to all these phenomena is the appearance of light-induced coherence between atomic levels, which are not coupled by dipole transitions. Recently Akulshin and co-workers (1998-9) have observed subnatural-width resonances in the absorption on the D/sub 2/ line of rubidium vapor under excitation by two copropagating optical waves with variable frequency offset. It is remarkable that, apart from expected EIT-resonances with negative sign, authors detected positive resonances termed as electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA). More recently, similar effects in a (3+5)-state system have been described as a result of constructive interference of the dipole excitation channels. We propose a simple theoretical model for EIA - a four-state N-atom. Remember that three-state /spl Lambda/- and V-systems give the EIT-resonances only.
Employing an intense laser field coupling to the degenerate two-level system of cesium 6 2S_ 1/2(F=4)- 6 2P_ 3/2(F′=5) transition in a cesium vapor cell, electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has been demonstrated via probe absorption spectra, at the same time, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of V-type three-level scheme has been demonstrated on the F=4-F′=3 and F=4-F′=4 transition frequency. The EIA is affected by the intensity and detuning of the coupling laser. By analyzing the effect of optical pumping between Zeeman sub-levels on the EIA and the coherent interactions between multiple degenerate two-level atoms, it is shown that the optical pumping affects the population of different Zeeman sub-levels and the number of the involved two-level atoms, the coherent time between the sub-levels is then changed and the linewidth and intensity of the EIA are affected accordingly.
The quantum coherence of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT), and Electromagnetically Induced Absorption (EIA) attracted a lot attention in nonlinear process, generation of squeezing, and long-distance communication. EIT and EIA are two opposite coherence effects, EIT can result in efficient nonlinear effects due to the transparency, and EIA may prohibit atoms from generation of nonlinearity due to its absorption, however, the nonlinear in EIA system with standing wave coupling can still be observed, and was interpreted as Electromagnetically Induced Absorption Grating (EIG). We experimentally investigated the coherence in hot atoms, and observed high efficiency of emission in EIA system in both of the cases that Bragg condition is satisfied or can’t be fulfilled. Based on our calculation, the reflection is explained as the result of Four-Wave Mixing, and is enhanced by the quantum coherence and the compensation of phase mismatch from anomalous dispersion of EIA.
Electromagnetically induced negative refraction is an intriguing phenomenon of light-atom interaction.The study of its formation mechanism and nonlinear behavior has theoretical significance and potential applications.In this paper,electromagnetically induced negative refraction is associated with a four-level system driven by microwave field,where a coupling field couples two separate optical transitions.The permittivity and permeability of the system is studied as a function of coupling field detunings,and the result shows that electromagnetically induced negative refraction can be realized by controlling the coupling field detunings when the Rabi frequency of coupling field is fixed.
In the n-type four-level atomic system, we have studied the nonlinear theory of electromagnetically induced absorption. The results show that the probe light Rabi frequency and the attenuation distribution coefficient A affect the nonlinear absorption and then the absorption of a medium. When the probe light intensity is weak, the absorption of the medium and the linear absorption are the same, showing the characteristics of electromagnetic induction absorption. When the probe light intensity is increased, the absorption of the medium and the linear absorption are no longer the same, and now the medium absorption curve will show hole burning phenomenon, and then it will show the gain phenomenon. At the same time, the nonlinear absorption is affected by the value of A. Even if the probe light is weak, the medium absorption will change the electromagnetic induction absorption into the gain phenomenon with the A value decreasing.
A quasi-lambda four-level system shows both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In addition to an optical coupling field and a probing field, there is a radio field which interacts with two excited state hyperfine levels of the quasi-lambda four-level system consisting of two excited state hyperfine levels and two ground state hyperfine levels. If a driving field which interacts with two ground state hyperfine levels is introduced, the quasi-lambda four-level system is modified to a closed-lambda four-level system. The behaviors of the driving field and radio field are studied in this paper and it is seen that the occurence of EIA or EIT and the whole probing properties are controlled by the Rabi frequencies of both driving field and radio field.