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The Rochester Conferences on Coherence and Quantum Optics and the Quantum Information and Measurement meeting

Directional Superradiant Emission from Independent Classical Sources

S. Oppel, Ralph Wiegner, G. S. Agarwal, Joachim von Zanthier

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that directional superradiant emission can be observed not only from two-level atoms interacting with a common radiation field but also from statistically independent classical light sources. Experimental results confirm the theoretical predictions.
DOI
10.1364/qim.2013.th2b.2

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In the theoretical stuqy of superradiance, the atoms or molecules are generally considered as two-level systems. However in many experimental situations, this simple assumption is not valid. It is the case, for example, in all experiments exhibiting superradiant beats [1-3]. Moreover, these beats are sometimes due to a specific property of superradiance : the existence of interferences between different atoms. Other examples of multilevel superradiance are encountered each time one observes several superradiant transitions sharing a common level [3,4]. In addition, superradiance is generally observed between degenerate levels, and it has been alreaqy shown experimentally that the level-degeneracy influences the properties of the superradiant light, in particular its polarization characteristics [5].
This article reviews the present status of superradiance in atoms and molecules. The introductory section describes the important physical properties of superradiant emission, and presents the important experimental features. A simple theoretical formulation, based on the coupled Maxwell-Schrödinger equations, is described. Simple expressions for observable output parameters are given, valid in experimentally relevant regimes. These results are compared with superradiance experiments performed at a wide range of wavelengths in numerous laboratories since 1973. While the principal features of superradiance are generally agreed upon, details of the initiation of the radiation process and of the observed ringing are still under study.