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Zhongguo kexue. Wulixue Lixue Tianwenxue

集体噪声信道上错误容忍量子隐写

Tian-Yu Ye

Published Jan 1, 2015• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, two fault tolerant quantum steganography (QS) protocols over collective noise channels are proposed. One is against collective-dephasing noise, and the other is against collective-rotation noise. The logical Bell states (i.e., four-qubit DF states) are used to overcome these two kinds of collective noise. The quantum covert channel for distributing secret messages within the normal quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) channel is built up by swapping entanglement between two logical Bell states. Bell state measurements rather than four-qubit joint measurements are used for decoding. Moreover, the channel capacity is up to four bits per covert communication. Detailed analysis turns out that both the imperceptibility and the security can be guaranteed.

DOI
10.1360/sspma2014-00303

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In this paper, two fault tolerant quantum steganography (QS) protocols over collective noise channels are proposed. One is against collective-dephasing noise, and the other is against collective-rotation noise. The logical Bell states (i.e., four-qubit DF states) are used to overcome these two kinds of collective noise. The quantum covert channel for distributing secret messages within the normal quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) channel is built up by swapping entanglement between two logical Bell states. Bell state measurements rather than four-qubit joint measurements are used for decoding. Moreover, the channel capacity is up to four bits per covert communication. Detailed analysis turns out that both the imperceptibility and the security can be guaranteed.
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Abstract At present, the anti-noise property and the information leakage resistant property are two great concerns for quantum dialogue (QD). In this paper, two anti-noise QD protocols without information leakage are presented by using the entanglement swapping technology for two logical Bell states. One works well over a collective-dephasing noise channel, while the other takes effect over a collective-rotation noise channel. The negative influence of noise is erased by using logical Bell states as the traveling quantum states. The problem of information leakage is avoided by swapping entanglement between two logical Bell states. In addition, only Bell state measurements are used for decoding, rather than four-qubit joint measurements.
At present, the anti-noise property and the information leakage resistant property are two great concerns for quantum dialogue(QD). In this paper, two anti-noise QD protocols without information leakage are presented by using the entanglement swapping technology for two logical Bell states. One works well over a collective-dephasing noise channel, while the other takes effect over a collective-rotation noise channel. The negative influence of noise is erased by using logical Bell states as the traveling quantum states. The problem of information leakage is avoided by swapping entanglement between two logical Bell states. In addition, only Bell state measurements are used for decoding, rather than four-qubit joint measurements.
In this paper,two fault tolerant channel-encrypting quantum dialogue(QD)protocols against collective noise are presented.One is against collective-dephasing noise,while the other is against collective-rotation noise.The decoherent-free states,each of which is composed of two physical qubits,act as traveling states combating collective noise.Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs,which play the role of private quantum key,are securely shared between two participants over a collective-noise channel in advance.Through encryption and decryption with private quantum key,the initial state of each traveling two-photon logical qubit is privately shared between two participants.Due to quantum encryption sharing of the initial state of each traveling logical qubit,the issue of information leakage is overcome.The private quantum key can be repeatedly used after rotation as long as the rotation angle is properly chosen,making quantum resource economized.As a result,their information-theoretical efficiency is nearly up to 66.7%.The proposed QD protocols only need single-photon measurements rather than two-photon joint measurements for quantum measurements.Security analysis shows that an eavesdropper cannot obtain anything useful about secret messages during the dialogue process without being discovered.Furthermore,the proposed QD protocols can be implemented with current techniques in experiment.
In this paper, two robust quantum dialogue (QD) protocols against collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotation noise are presented, respectively. In each of the proposed QD protocols, four logical Bell states, each of which is made up of four physical qubits, are used to combat collective noise. The information leakage problem is overcome by directly transmitting the auxiliary logical Bell states in two steps from one communication party to the other. For decoding, Bell state measurements rather than four-qubit joint measurements are used. The effectiveness against an eavesdropper's active attacks such as the intercept-resend attack, the measure-resend attack, the entangle-measure attack and the Trojan horse attack can be guaranteed.