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Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter

Field and intensity expectation values of quantum solitons in optical fibers

Demin Yao, Chun-Fang Li

Published Mar 1, 1997• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s002570050285

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•May 1, 2011•2 citations
The generation of Schr\"odinger-cat-like states for quantum fundamental solitons in optical fibers is investigated. It is shown that the generation is possible at proper times in the dynamical evolution of an appropriately chosen initial state. Such a Schr\"odinger-cat-like state has a minimum number of components, three, and the superposition coefficients of components are all real. Mean values of the field and the intensity operators are calculated and the associated quantum interference behavior characteristic of quantum coherent superposition in the Schr\"odinger-cat-like states is revealed. The effect of dissipation on the Schr\"odinger-cat-like states is analyzed using a beam splitter. The severity with which losses tend to destroy interference between components of the input Schr\"odinger-cat-like state is noted.
Squeezing is a fundamental quantum optical phenomenon - induced by various nonlinear optical processes - in which a special state of the electromagnetic field is generated, for which quantum noise fluctuations are reduced below the shot noise level for certain frequency ranges. Two qualitatively different kinds of squeezing are currently known to take place in optical fibers. The first is the four-wave mixing (FWM) induced quadrature squeezing, in which an intense continuous wave (CW) pump initiates a spontaneous emission of signal and idler waves from vacuum fluctuations at symmetric detunings from the pump. The noise components at the signal and idler frequencies become correlated via the fiber nonlinearity, leading to a reduction of the noise power spectrum below the shot noise level. All the waves participating to the FWM-induced squeezing are monochromatic waves. The second kind of squeezing is the so called self-phase modulation (SPM) induced squeezing, in which the spectral components of an intense short pulse in a coherent state become correlated via the SPM during propagation. We demonstrate theoretically that a third kind of squeezing is possible in optical fibers, in which the noise spectrum of the quasi-monochromatic resonant radiation (RR) emitted by optical solitons when subject to perturbations shows evidence of photon correlation and a reduction of noise below the shot-noise level.