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International Journal of Future Computer and Communication

Cooperative Interference Based on Evolutionary Game in Wire-Tap Channel

Kaizhi Huang, Ying Hong, Wenyu Luo, Shengbin Lin

Published Jul 1, 2014• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In wireless network, when using classical game theory to study physical layer security, the energy-limited transmission nodes tend to choose non-cooperative strategy in order to maximize their own secrecy rate, resulting in reduced network secrecy rate.To solve this problem, the paper proposes a cooperative interference method for physical layer security based on evolutionary game.First, it defines the strategies (sending artificial noise or signal) and benefits (secrecy rate under different strategy combination) according to the evolutionary game.Then, the transmission nodes adjust strategy to maximize benefits based on current network state and difference between cooperation benefit and average expected benefit; Finally, the conditions that the transmitting nodes can cooperate with each other could achieve, and the network is evolution from an unstable state to a stable cooperative state to improve the secrecy rate of the system.Simulation and analysis results show that under the Gaussian channel, compared to the traditional game method, the network secrecy rate of the proposed method can be improved 1bit/s/Hz.

DOI
10.7763/ijfcc.2014.v3.317

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In wireless network, when using classical game theory to study physical layer security, the energy-limited transmission nodes tend to choose non-cooperative strategy in order to maximize their own secrecy rate, resulting in reduced network secrecy rate.To solve this problem, the paper proposes a cooperative interference method for physical layer security based on evolutionary game.First, it defines the strategies (sending artificial noise or signal) and benefits (secrecy rate under different strategy combination) according to the evolutionary game.Then, the transmission nodes adjust strategy to maximize benefits based on current network state and difference between cooperation benefit and average expected benefit; Finally, the conditions that the transmitting nodes can cooperate with each other could achieve, and the network is evolution from an unstable state to a stable cooperative state to improve the secrecy rate of the system.Simulation and analysis results show that under the Gaussian channel, compared to the traditional game method, the network secrecy rate of the proposed method can be improved 1bit/s/Hz.
Physical layer security, whose aim is to maximize the secrecy rate of a source while keeping eavesdroppers ignorant of data transmitted, is extremely suitable for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We therefore, by developing the classical wire-tap channel, construct an approach to compute the secrecy rate between a sensor node and its responsible cluster head in the clustered WSNs. A noncooperative secrecy rate game towards WSNs is formulated to solve contradictions between maximizing the secrecy rate of a sensor node and minimizing power consumed for data transmission. Using evolutionary game theory, we set up a selection dynamics upon which a power level can be adaptively selected by a sensor node. Thus, the objective of secrecy rate adaptation for maximizing the fitness of member sensor nodes is achieved. We also prove the game is stable; that is, there exist evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs) that explain which strategies will be selected by a sensor node in the end. Moreover, a corresponding algorithm of secrecy rate adaptation is given. Numerical experiments show our proposed approach can adaptively adjust the secrecy rate of a sensor node, which provides a novel way to guarantee the confidentiality of WSNs.
As Internet of Things (IoT) has boomed in recent years, many security issues have also been exposed. Focusing on physical layer security in wireless Internet of Things network communication, a series of security methods have been widely studied. Nevertheless, cooperative jamming methods in physical layer security to fight against collusive eavesdroppers have not been thoroughly studied yet. In this article, we study a cooperative-jamming-based physical layer secure transmission scheme for Internet of Things wireless networks in the presence of collusive eavesdroppers. We design a cooperative jamming strategy without knowing the channel state information of eavesdroppers. Considering the cooperation of multiple nodes with multiple antennas, this strategy can maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at an actuator (legitimate receiver). Meanwhile, the generated cooperative jamming signals can reduce the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at eavesdroppers. To explore the theoretical security performance of our strategy, we perform a secrecy outage probability analysis and an asymptotic analysis. In the cases of cooperative jamming and without cooperative jamming, the closed-form expressions of the secrecy outage probability are deduced, and the influence of system parameters on the secrecy outage probability becomes more intuitive through a strict mathematical asymptotic behavior analysis. In addition, considering the energy limitation of Internet of Things devices, we propose a power allocation algorithm to minimize the total transmission power given the security requirements. The numerical results show the effectiveness of our schemes and are consistent with the theoretical analysis.
Physical layer security has emerged as a promising technique to safeguard the information security in wireless networks. In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security issue for a wireless network where there coexist multiple users with security concerns. Specifically, we tackle the problem from a distributed perspective and formulate the secure transmissions at different users as a non-cooperative game. Consider the practical situation that the legitimate transmitter may not always have the perfect information regarding the channel state information of the eavesdropper, we adopt the robust secrecy rate to combat the potential worst cases. Accordingly, the robust Nash equilibrium is employed as the solution to the resource competition game among the users. Further, we analyze properties of the equilibrium and derive the optimal transmission strategy for each individual user to maximize its own robust secrecy rate, following which the distributed algorithm is proposed for the network-wide competition to reach the equilibrium. Finally, simulation results are provided to corroborate our theoretical findings.
The physical layer security technology is a technical scheme developed in recent years to solve the problem of information security transmission in wireless communication networks. As one of the physical layer security technologies, cooperative jamming often requires collaborative nodes to actively cooperate with other nodes with secure communication requirements to transmit information. In the environment of heterogeneous wireless network, each wireless node is relatively independent, the relationship is both cooperative and competitive, and the nodes are selfish. In this paper, we study the information transmission between the source and destination nodes, and form a virtual beamforming through the cooperation of the jamming nodes to point to the malicious wiretap nodes, so as to achieve the physical layer secure communication. First, the interest distribution relationship between the source node and other cooperative interference nodes is modeled as the Stackelberg game. The source node pays the consumption of the power consumed by the cooperative jamming nodes and motivates the cooperative interference nodes to participate actively. Then, the competition relationship among all the cooperative nodes is built as a non-cooperative game, so as to promote the reasonable pricing of the consumed power when each node participates in collaboration. When the security rate between the source node and destination node is constant, the power allocation of source and cooperative nodes and the equilibrium point of power price exist and are unique. Through the combined optimization of the two games, the power pricing and power allocation can be dynamically optimized according to the change of the network environment. The simulation results show that the power dynamic allocation and power dynamic pricing have good convergence, and the source node provides a train of thought for the selection of cooperative nodes and their number.
Wireless physical layer security approaches can prevent eavesdropping without upper layer data encryption. But such techniques are hampered by time-varying wireless channel conditions and they are typically feasible only when the legitimate partners in the Wyner's wire-tap channel model have an advantage over the source-eavesdropper channels. Source rate adaptation and/or node cooperation strategies can be exploited to enhance the performance of secure wireless communications. However, these contributions rather limited to AWGN and Rayleigh channels. This article thus seeks to develop a unified analytical framework for assessing the ergodic secrecy rate of the classical Wyner wire-tap channel in generalized fading environments with independent but non-identically distributed (i.n.d) channel fading statistics and also establish the utility of node cooperations for improving the ergodic secrecy rate when the channel state information is available only at the receiver.
In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid beamforming and jamming strategy to secure the transmission in wireless cooperative networks. It enhances the secrecy capacity by cooperatively using distributed multi-antenna techniques to maximize the secrecy capacity, as well as nullify the information leakage at the eavesdropper and the interference at the legitimate users. The optimum intermediate relays and jammers selection is modeled as a two-level coalitional game problem. A distributed coalition formation algorithm based on merge-and-split rules is devised to solve the problem. The approach enables the intermediate nodes self-organize into independent disjoint coalitions and requires much less computational complexity. Then the optimal relaying and jamming coalitions are selected to secure transmission in a cooperative way. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed coalition formation method can improve the secrecy capacity significantly compared with the existing non-collaborate relaying and jamming nodes selection scheme and random selection approach.