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EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Based on virtual beamforming cooperative jamming with Stackelberg game for physical layer security in the heterogeneous wireless network

Shuanglin Huang, Li Zhu, Sanjun Liu

Published Mar 27, 2018• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The physical layer security technology is a technical scheme developed in recent years to solve the problem of information security transmission in wireless communication networks. As one of the physical layer security technologies, cooperative jamming often requires collaborative nodes to actively cooperate with other nodes with secure communication requirements to transmit information. In the environment of heterogeneous wireless network, each wireless node is relatively independent, the relationship is both cooperative and competitive, and the nodes are selfish. In this paper, we study the information transmission between the source and destination nodes, and form a virtual beamforming through the cooperation of the jamming nodes to point to the malicious wiretap nodes, so as to achieve the physical layer secure communication. First, the interest distribution relationship between the source node and other cooperative interference nodes is modeled as the Stackelberg game. The source node pays the consumption of the power consumed by the cooperative jamming nodes and motivates the cooperative interference nodes to participate actively. Then, the competition relationship among all the cooperative nodes is built as a non-cooperative game, so as to promote the reasonable pricing of the consumed power when each node participates in collaboration. When the security rate between the source node and destination node is constant, the power allocation of source and cooperative nodes and the equilibrium point of power price exist and are unique. Through the combined optimization of the two games, the power pricing and power allocation can be dynamically optimized according to the change of the network environment. The simulation results show that the power dynamic allocation and power dynamic pricing have good convergence, and the source node provides a train of thought for the selection of cooperative nodes and their number.

DOI
10.1186/s13638-018-1081-x

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The physical layer security technology is a technical scheme developed in recent years to solve the problem of information security transmission in wireless communication networks. As one of the physical layer security technologies, cooperative jamming often requires collaborative nodes to actively cooperate with other nodes with secure communication requirements to transmit information. In the environment of heterogeneous wireless network, each wireless node is relatively independent, the relationship is both cooperative and competitive, and the nodes are selfish. In this paper, we study the information transmission between the source and destination nodes, and form a virtual beamforming through the cooperation of the jamming nodes to point to the malicious wiretap nodes, so as to achieve the physical layer secure communication. First, the interest distribution relationship between the source node and other cooperative interference nodes is modeled as the Stackelberg game. The source node pays the consumption of the power consumed by the cooperative jamming nodes and motivates the cooperative interference nodes to participate actively. Then, the competition relationship among all the cooperative nodes is built as a non-cooperative game, so as to promote the reasonable pricing of the consumed power when each node participates in collaboration. When the security rate between the source node and destination node is constant, the power allocation of source and cooperative nodes and the equilibrium point of power price exist and are unique. Through the combined optimization of the two games, the power pricing and power allocation can be dynamically optimized according to the change of the network environment. The simulation results show that the power dynamic allocation and power dynamic pricing have good convergence, and the source node provides a train of thought for the selection of cooperative nodes and their number.
In this paper we investigate a cooperative jamming (CJ) strategy based Stackelberg security game to improve physical layer security over multiuser OFDMA networks. Each source node tries to deliver messages to its intended destination node securely in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. Fortunately, these node pairs can resort to a friendly jammer to enhance their communication. But the jamming service is not free and the friendly jammer charges each pair for some cost. Obviously there is a tradeoff between the friendly jammer and the source-destination pairs. Consequently, a two-level Stackelberg game model is proposed, where the friendly jammer plays the seller and the source-destination pairs are the buyers. We analyze the Stackelberg Equilibrium from two sides respectively and prove the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg Equilibrium. Correspondingly, we also develop a distributed iterative power allocation algorithm to reach the Stackelberg Equilibrium point. Numerical Results demonstrate that the system sum secrecy rate is really improved and the physical layer security performance is effectively meliorated.
This paper proposes a new joint cooperative beamforming and jamming (JCBJ) scheme for improving the physical layer security of decode-and-forward wireless networks where a source node transmits to its destination with the aid of multiple intermediate nodes in the presence of an eavesdropper. In the proposed JCBJ scheme, we select the intermediate nodes succeeding in source decoding as the relays to forward the source transmission simultaneously by employing a beamforming weight vector, and meanwhile, use the remaining ones as the friendly jammers to disturb the eavesdropper by sending artificial noise. In order to achieve the secrecy rate maximum, we further study on the power allocation among the source, relays, and jammers under two assumptions of the wiretap link's channel state information. We derive the closed-form optimal solutions by first allocating the transmit power at the source within different ranges to consider all the possible relay selection schemes in which different numbers of relays are employed, and then transforming the multivariable power allocation problem to a set of single-variable optimization subproblems. Our numerical results show the superiority of the proposed JCBJ scheme and the proposed power allocation strategies.
To improve the physical layer security in the wireless communication network with an eavesdropper and a friendly jammer, this paper make use of beamforming to aim the jamming signal's main lobe to the eavesdropper and to diminish the jamming signal to the destination node, improving the efficiency of jamming power usage. On this basis, we propose a power auction model, in which we regard the source node as the buyer and the destination node as the seller and build corresponding utility function respectively. Then by using a distributed algorithm, Stackelberg equilibrium can be reached, maximizing the system utility and obtaining the corresponding secrecy capacity.
In this paper, we investigate a cooperative wireless network with jamming-based secure communications, where a friendly jammer can transmit jamming signals to interfere the malicious eavesdropper. We find that the secrecy rate of the source-destination link can be effectively improved with the help of the friendly jammer, and each source intends to obtain optimal jamming power from the friendly jammer to maximize its secrecy rate for data transmission. We then formulate this power allocation problem as an auction game and propose two distributively auction-based power allocation schemes, which are power allocation using Traditional Ascending Clock Auction (ACA-T) and power allocation using Alternative Ascending Clock Auction (ACA-A), considering the friendly jammer as the auctioneer and the sources as the bidders. In addition, we prove that both the proposed schemes can converge in a finite number of iterations. We also prove that the ACA-A scheme is cheat-proof while the ACA-T scheme is not. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed auction-based schemes in improving secrecy rate of wireless networks.
To improve the information-theoretic security of two-way wireless cooperative communication systems, we propose in this study a hybrid relaying and jamming mechanism based on multi-node cooperative beamforming to enhance the security of the physical layer transmission of information. The basic concept is that in the cooperative transmission phase, some intermediate nodes adopt distributed beamforming to help the transmitter send messages to legitimate users and simultaneously others jam the eavesdropper, which can significantly improve the security performance of the system in the broadcast phase. Two different cooperative beamforming schemes are proposed with and without the instantaneous channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper. We show that optimizing both the schemes requires the mathematical solving of one or a series of second-order convex cone programming (SOCP) problems, which can be executed by efficiently using the interior point method. Simulation and comparisons show that our proposed hybrid relaying, jamming mechanism and beamforming approaches significantly increase the security sum rate of the two source terminals and outperform both the relays-only and jammers-only mechanisms when the number of intermediate nodes is relatively large.
In this paper, we examine the physical layer security for cooperative wireless networks with multiple intermediate nodes, where the decode-and-forward (DF) protocol is considered. We propose a new joint cooperative beamforming and jamming (JCBJ) scheme to protect wireless communication against eavesdropping, where the intermediate nodes which successfully decode the source signal are selected as the relays for simultaneously forwarding the source signal by employing a weight vector, and meanwhile, the others are used to act as the friendly jammers for broadcasting artificial noise to disturb the eavesdropper. We further investigate the optimal power allocation among the source, relays and friendly jammers for maximizing the secrecy rate of the proposed JCBJ scheme and derive a closed-form sub-optimal solution. Simulation results show that the proposed JCBJ scheme achieves obviously higher secrecy rate than the conventional generalized singular-value-decomposition (GSVD) based beamforming and pure jamming schemes. Additionally, the proposed optimal power allocation scheme performs much better than the equal power allocation scheme in terms of secrecy rate.