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Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Laser Collimation of Cr Atoms with 3-D Simulation Analysis

Xianming Xiong, Yanqun Li, Wentao Zhang

Published Sep 1, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Based on two-level atomic theory and Doppler Effect, the laser collimation of Cr atoms with 3-D simulation analysis has been studied in this paper. By analyzing the 3-D force on chromium atom, a theoretical 3-D model is built and the accurate 3-D trajectory of chromium atoms in laser cooling field has been achieved. The final 3-D distribution of atoms with different parameters has also been described.

DOI
10.1166/jnn.2012.5849

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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA•Jan 1, 2007•1 citation
Based on two-level atomic theory and Doppler Effect, the laser collimation of Cr atoms with 3-D simulation analysis has been studied in this paper. By analyzing the 3-D force on chromium atom, a theoretical 3-D model is built and the accurate 3-D trajectory of chromium atoms in laser cooling field has been achieved. The final 3-D distribution of atoms with different parameters has also been described.
In order to study the 3-D features of Cr atoms in laser cooling field,the interaction process of Cr atom and laser cooling field was analyzed.Based on the semi-classical theory of Doppler and polarization gradient force,the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm was adopted to simulate 3-D trajectory of Cr atoms,at the same time,three-dimension distribution of them was also obtained.After passing through laser cooling field,the divergence angle of Cr atomic beam becomes smaller,and the corresponding velocity also decreases.The results show that the three-dimension features of Cr atoms agree with the two-dimension cases,and can provide more comprehensive,richer cooling information.
The technology of laser-focused atomic deposition can be used to develop the nanostructure transfer standard of length.The atomic laser cooling is a key technique in atom lithography.A theoretical investigation of chromium atomic beam in optical traps is reported in this paper.The Doppler and sub-Doppler laser cooling forces are discussed and some characteristics of these forces are shown based on the semi-classical theory.The simulation results indicate that the atomic beam can be collimated by these laser cooling forces,especially by sub-Doppler laser cooling force and can reach the Doppler limit 120 μk,relative horizontal-speed 13.87 cm/s.
In this paper,a size detecting system based on Laser induced fluorescence(LIF)is designed to measure the Cr atomic beam divergence of laser collimation by using one-dimensional transverse Doppler cooling scheme.Under the parameters of cooling laser power of 45mW,interaction distance of 24mm and detuning of-0.5Γ,we observe the angular distribution of Cr atoms(50%quantile) on the beam axis is from 1.07±0.10mrad to 0.46±0.10mrad by laser collimation.we also present detailed measurements of collimation angles over different laser powers and compare and analysis our results with numerical calculation based on the semiclassical model.
In order to study how the collimation of chromium ( Cr) atomic by means of 1-D Doppler laser varying with laser power,laser detuning and interaction length after pre-collimation,the correlation between the coUimation and laser parameters was obtained after simulation with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta type algorithm at an adaptive step size. The results show that after precollimated by a slit in 5mm long,600mm far away from the downstream,the best collimation results can be obtained at laser power of 20mW,laser detuning of -0.5.Γ (Γ is the natural line-width of Cr) ,and twice of the minimum interaction zone.
Laser collimation of Cr atomic beam was studied using a transverse Doppler cooling scheme.Collimation occured for a laser detuned to the red side of the 7S3→7P04 transition.Many optimized parameters taken from repetitious experiments and calculations are given,and the misalignment between the probe beam was gotten and the collimation beam will lead to the artificial broadening of detected transverse linewidth.Finally the collimation result is got that the transverse divergence of Cr beam is 0.48 mrad,and the transverse temperature is 265 μK.