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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Direct verification of the relation υs= (ℏ/m) ▽ ϕ

Yuki Sato, Aditya Joshi, R. E. Packard

Published Feb 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe an experiment in which we induce a heat-driven superfluid flow in a straight tube and monitor the phase difference across the tube's ends with a superfluid 4He quantum interference device (SHeQUID). We quantitatively verify the relation ?s = (/m) ? . We also demonstrate the linearization of a SHeQUID using the heat injection method.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/150/3/032092

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We describe an experiment in which we induce a heat-driven superfluid flow in a straight tube and monitor the phase difference across the tube's ends with a superfluid 4He quantum interference device (SHeQUID). We quantitatively verify the relation ?s = (/m) ? . We also demonstrate the linearization of a SHeQUID using the heat injection method.
We report the first observation of quantum interference from a grating structure consisting of four weak link junctions in superfluid 4He. We find that an interference grating can be implemented successfully in a superfluid matter wave interferometer to enhance its sensitivity while trading away some of its dynamic range. We also show that this type of device can be used to measure absolute quantum mechanical phase differences. The results demonstrate the robust nature of superfluid phase coherence arising from quantum mechanics on a macroscopic scale.
We report an experiment that uses a superfluid helium quantum interference device to probe the initial onset of the motion of a single vortex line driven by axial flow in a macroscopic channel. When the superfluid velocity reaches a temperature independent critical value $({v}_{c}\ensuremath{\sim}1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mm}∕\mathrm{s})$ periodic $2\ensuremath{\pi}$ phase slippage occurs with a frequency of the order of a few Hz. As the axial flow velocity increases, the frequency increases, possibly stepwise.
We find that a temperature differential can drive superfluid oscillations in 4He. The oscillations are excited by a heater which causes a time dependent temperature differential across an array of 70 nm apertures. By measuring the oscillation frequency and simultaneously determining both temperature and pressure differentials we prove the validity of the most general form of the Josephson frequency relation. These observations were made near saturated vapor pressure, within a few mK of the superfluid transition temperature.