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Acta Optica Sinica

Excitonic optical bistability in ZnSe/ZnS multiple quantum wells

Dezhen Shen, Iu Y

Published Jan 1, 1990• 0 citations
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Abstract

The excitonic nonlinearities in II-VI wide gap semiconductors have recently become an interesting research topic. Andersen et al.1 studied the saturating absorption of excitonic resonance in ZnSe single crystal films and (Zn, Mn)Se superlattices, which they attributed to Coulombic screening for the case of ZnSe film or a wide-well (Zn,Mn)Se quantum well structure at 77 K, and the Coulombic screening and phase space filling for a narrow-well structure. Gribkovskii et al.2 have observed the increase of excitonic absorption optical bistability in ZnSe film and attributed it to excitonic broadening and gap renormalization for the nonlinear mechanism. We report the first observation of optical bistability in ZnSe/ZnS MQWs grown by MOCVD on CaF2 substrates.

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The excitonic nonlinearities in II-VI wide gap semiconductors have recently become an interesting research topic. Andersen et al.1 studied the saturating absorption of excitonic resonance in ZnSe single crystal films and (Zn, Mn)Se superlattices, which they attributed to Coulombic screening for the case of ZnSe film or a wide-well (Zn,Mn)Se quantum well structure at 77 K, and the Coulombic screening and phase space filling for a narrow-well structure. Gribkovskii et al.2 have observed the increase of excitonic absorption optical bistability in ZnSe film and attributed it to excitonic broadening and gap renormalization for the nonlinear mechanism. We report the first observation of optical bistability in ZnSe/ZnS MQWs grown by MOCVD on CaF2 substrates.
The free exciton emission and optical nonlinearity in ZnSe-ZnS grown by MOCVD on CaF 2 substrates have been studied under different excitation densities at 77 K. We report the first observation of the new emission band due to Ex − Ex interaction, exciton saturating absorption and exciton optical bistability in ZnSe-ZnS/CaF 2 superlattices. The dominant exciton optical nonlinear mechanism for ZnSe-ZnS/CaF 2 superlattices under high excitation density is the combination of phase-space filling of exciton state and exciton band broadening
Excitonic optical bistability with nanosecond switching time in ZnSe-ZnS multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity is investigated at room temperature. The research result indicates that the threshold and contrast ratio for the optical bistability in ZnSe-ZnS MQWs with a FP cavity are about 0.2 MW/cm2 and 6:1, respectively. On the basis of the room temperature excitonic absorption spectra obtained here, we attribute the major nonlinear mechanism for the optical bistability to the excitonic saturating absorption due to phase space filling of excitonic states and excitonic band broadening.
The excitonic nonlinear refractive index was calculated by using Kramers-Kronig relation and the saturating absorption of ZnSe/CdZnSe multiple quantum wells (MQWs) was studied under different pump intensities. The maximum nonlinear refractive index change is about -6.19 X 10-3. Excitonic optical bistability in ZnSe/CdZnSe MQWs is investigated at room temperature. The result indicates that the threshold and contrast ratio for the optical bistability in ZnSe/CdZnSe MQWs are about 210Kw/cm2 and 2:1, respectively. On the basis of the excitonic nonlinear theories and excitonic absorption spectra in the ZnSe/CdZnSe MQWs, we attribute the major nonlinear mechanism of the optical bistability in the ZnSe/CdZnSe MQWs to the phase space filling of excitonic states and excitonic band broadening due to exciton-exciton interactions.
ZnTe/CdZnTe multiple quantum wells (MQWs) optical bistable device has been fabricated, and optical bistability in ZnTe/CdZnTe MQWs optical bistable device is investigated on transmission at room temperature. The research result indicates that the threshold and contrast ratio for the optical bistability in Zn-Te/CdZnTe MQWs optical bistable device are about 363 kW/cm2 and 4:1, respectively. On the basis of the excitonic nonlinear theories, excitonic absorption spectrum in the ZnTe/CdZnTe MQWs obtained here, we attribute the major nonlinear mechanism for the optical bistability to the saturating effect of excitonic absorption.