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Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия Математика. Механика. Информатика

КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ И КВАНТОВЫЕ АЛГОРИТМЫ. Часть 1. КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ

Соловьев Владимир Михайлович

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The paper presents the principles of operation of quantum computers. Competitive advantages of quantum computing are shown and some variants of a construction of an ideal quantum computer proposed. We analyze also the computational process in a quantum computer from the point of view of the complexity of algorithms. Implementation of nodes of a quantum computer is exemplified based on quantum communication schemes. The operation of Bloch sphere and visualization of the state of the qubit are described. Major obstacles to the creation of quantum computers are considered.

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КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ И КВАНТОВЫЕ АЛГОРИТМЫ Часть 2. КВАНТОВЫЕ АЛГОРИТМЫ

Соловьев Владимир Михайлович

The paper discusses principles of construction for quantumalgorithms and theirmain features. Distinction of quantumparallelismfrom classical methods of high-performance computing is shown. Quantum algorithms design strategy is presented based on quantum circuits. Methods of programming for implementation of quantum algorithms using high-level languages are proposed. An approach to implement unitary transformations based on the oracle method is described.

Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия Математика. Механика. Информатика•Jan 1, 2016•0 citations

Quantum Computers and Quantum Algorithms. Part 1. Quantum Computers

V. M. Solovyev

КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ И КВАНТОВЫЕ АЛГОРИТМЫ.Часть 1. КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ В. М. Соловьев Соловьев Владимир Михайлович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры математической кибернетики и компьютерных наук, Саратовский государственный университет им.Н. Г. Чернышевского, начальник Поволжского регионального центра новых информационных технологий,

Izvestiya of Saratov University Mathematics Mechanics Informatics•Jan 1, 2015•6 citations

Квантовые компьютеры: вчера, сегодня, завтра

М. Кузьминский

Сложные задачи, не решаемые на традиционных суперкомпьютерах, вероятно, смогут решать квантовые компьютеры. Однако соответствующие разработки пока находятся лишь в начальной стадии. Quantum computing technologies are rapidly developing all over the world, including in Russia. However, as opposed to traditional semiconductor technology for classic computers, where the country is lagging behind, it has created a huge potential in the quantum computers world. Russian theoretical physicists are among the world-leading specialists working in the field, with the first quantum computers already having been created in the country.

Открытые системы СУБД•Sep 27, 2025•0 citations

QUANTUM INFORMATICS: OVERVIEW OF THE MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS

Alexander S. Sigov, E. Andrianova, Dmitry Zhukov +2 more

The urgency of conducting research in the field of quantum informatics is grounded. Promising areas of research are highlighted. For foreign and Russian publications and materials, a review of the main scientific results that characterize the current state of research in quantum computer science is made. It is noted that knowledge and funds are invested most intensively in the development of the architecture of a quantum computer and its elements. Despite the fact that today there is no information on the creation of a physical implementation of a quantum computer comparable in functionality to a classical digital computer, the development of quantum algorithms is one of the popular areas of research. An advantage of quantum algorithms is the fact that they reduce the time required to solve the problem due to the parallelization of operations by generating entangled quantum states and their subsequent use. This advantage (quantum acceleration) is most important when solving the problem of modeling the dynamics of complex systems and enumerated mathematical problems. (The general case of enumeration is the Grover scheme and its variants; the tasks of searching for hidden periods: Shor's scheme of using the fast quantum Fourier transform and its analogues.) The demand for cybersecurity developments (search for vulnerabilities in smart spaces, secure storage and use of big data, quantum cryptography) is noted. More than a dozen articles are devoted to quantum algorithms of key search, key distribution on optical fibers of various lengths, and the analysis of quantum resources necessary for conducting a cyber attack. In the field of artificial quantum intelligence, attention is paid, first of all, to the “search” for a model of a quantum neural network that is optimal from the point of view of using all the advantages presented by quantum computing and neural networks, as well as machine learning algorithms. Examples of the use of quantum computing in cognitive and social sciences for studying the decision-making mechanism with incomplete data are given. It is concluded that quantum informatics is promising for the simulation of complex natural and artificial phenomena and processes.

Russian Technological Journal•Feb 28, 2019•36 citations

Emulators of Quantum Computers on Qubits and on Qudits

Aleksey Andreev, Pavel Khrapov

Quantum computing is still a developing, but an extremely promising area. The article lays out the main ideas behind quantum computing in simple terms. The topic of quantum computers based on qudits - multidimensional analogues of qubits, which have recently received much attention due to their efficiency, is also covered The fundamentals of quantum mechanics, which are necessary for understanding the principles of operation of a quantum computer, such concepts as qubits and qudits, linear operators, the measurement process, etc are introduced. As an example of quantum computing, the principle of operation of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, one of the first quantum algorithms to demonstrate their advantages, and its generalization to qudits, are analyzed in detail. The process of writing the simplest quantum computer emulator in the Python programming language is described step by step. The emulator operates with an arbitrary number of qubits and allows you to apply arbitrary operators to them and carry out multiple measurements of the final state of the qubit. A generalization of this emulator for working with qudits is given after that. To demonstrate the emulator we have written, we present programs that implement the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm and its generalizations on it, and test them. Квантовые вычисления — это развивающаяся и чрезвычайно перспективная область. В статье простыми словами изложены основные идеи, лежащие в основе квантовых вычислений. Также освещается тема квантовых компьютеров на основе кубитов - многомерных аналогов кубитов, которым в последнее время уделяется большое внимание благодаря их эффективности. Вводятся основы квантовой механики, которые необходимы для понимания принципов работы квантового компьютера, такие понятия, как кубиты и кудиты, линейные операторы, процесс измерения и т.д. В качестве примера квантовых вычислений подробно анализируются принцип работы алгоритма Дойча-Йожа, одного из первых квантовых алгоритмов, продемонстрировавшего свои преимущества, и его обобщение на кудиты. Пошагово описан процесс написания простейшего эмулятора квантового компьютера на языке программирования Python. Эмулятор работает с произвольным количеством кубитов и позволяет применять к ним произвольные операторы и проводить множественные измерения конечного состояния кубита. После этого дается обобщение этого эмулятора для работы с кудитами. Чтобы продемонстрировать написанный нами эмулятор, мы представляем программы, реализующие алгоритм Дойча-Йожа и его обобщения на нем, и тестируем их.

Sovremennye informacionnye tehnologii i IT-obrazovanie.•Jul 20, 2022•1 citation

Физические основы и проблемы технической реализации квантового компьютера

Вахний Татьяна Владимировна, Гуц Александр Константинович

The review of different approaches to creation of the quantum computer is given. The main problems of technical realization and prospect of each of approaches are discussed. It is paid attention to researches of behavior of quantum computers by means of the simulators which are based on classical computers.

Matematičeskie struktury i modelirovanie•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
The paper presents the principles of operation of quantum computers. Competitive advantages of quantum computing are shown and some variants of a construction of an ideal quantum computer proposed. We analyze also the computational process in a quantum computer from the point of view of the complexity of algorithms. Implementation of nodes of a quantum computer is exemplified based on quantum communication schemes. The operation of Bloch sphere and visualization of the state of the qubit are described. Major obstacles to the creation of quantum computers are considered.
КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ И КВАНТОВЫЕ АЛГОРИТМЫ.Часть 1. КВАНТОВЫЕ КОМПЬЮТЕРЫ В. М. Соловьев Соловьев Владимир Михайлович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры математической кибернетики и компьютерных наук, Саратовский государственный университет им.Н. Г. Чернышевского, начальник Поволжского регионального центра новых информационных технологий,
Сложные задачи, не решаемые на традиционных суперкомпьютерах, вероятно, смогут решать квантовые компьютеры. Однако соответствующие разработки пока находятся лишь в начальной стадии. Quantum computing technologies are rapidly developing all over the world, including in Russia. However, as opposed to traditional semiconductor technology for classic computers, where the country is lagging behind, it has created a huge potential in the quantum computers world. Russian theoretical physicists are among the world-leading specialists working in the field, with the first quantum computers already having been created in the country.
The urgency of conducting research in the field of quantum informatics is grounded. Promising areas of research are highlighted. For foreign and Russian publications and materials, a review of the main scientific results that characterize the current state of research in quantum computer science is made. It is noted that knowledge and funds are invested most intensively in the development of the architecture of a quantum computer and its elements. Despite the fact that today there is no information on the creation of a physical implementation of a quantum computer comparable in functionality to a classical digital computer, the development of quantum algorithms is one of the popular areas of research. An advantage of quantum algorithms is the fact that they reduce the time required to solve the problem due to the parallelization of operations by generating entangled quantum states and their subsequent use. This advantage (quantum acceleration) is most important when solving the problem of modeling the dynamics of complex systems and enumerated mathematical problems. (The general case of enumeration is the Grover scheme and its variants; the tasks of searching for hidden periods: Shor's scheme of using the fast quantum Fourier transform and its analogues.) The demand for cybersecurity developments (search for vulnerabilities in smart spaces, secure storage and use of big data, quantum cryptography) is noted. More than a dozen articles are devoted to quantum algorithms of key search, key distribution on optical fibers of various lengths, and the analysis of quantum resources necessary for conducting a cyber attack. In the field of artificial quantum intelligence, attention is paid, first of all, to the “search” for a model of a quantum neural network that is optimal from the point of view of using all the advantages presented by quantum computing and neural networks, as well as machine learning algorithms. Examples of the use of quantum computing in cognitive and social sciences for studying the decision-making mechanism with incomplete data are given. It is concluded that quantum informatics is promising for the simulation of complex natural and artificial phenomena and processes.
Quantum computing is still a developing, but an extremely promising area. The article lays out the main ideas behind quantum computing in simple terms. The topic of quantum computers based on qudits - multidimensional analogues of qubits, which have recently received much attention due to their efficiency, is also covered The fundamentals of quantum mechanics, which are necessary for understanding the principles of operation of a quantum computer, such concepts as qubits and qudits, linear operators, the measurement process, etc are introduced. As an example of quantum computing, the principle of operation of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, one of the first quantum algorithms to demonstrate their advantages, and its generalization to qudits, are analyzed in detail. The process of writing the simplest quantum computer emulator in the Python programming language is described step by step. The emulator operates with an arbitrary number of qubits and allows you to apply arbitrary operators to them and carry out multiple measurements of the final state of the qubit. A generalization of this emulator for working with qudits is given after that. To demonstrate the emulator we have written, we present programs that implement the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm and its generalizations on it, and test them. Квантовые вычисления — это развивающаяся и чрезвычайно перспективная область. В статье простыми словами изложены основные идеи, лежащие в основе квантовых вычислений. Также освещается тема квантовых компьютеров на основе кубитов - многомерных аналогов кубитов, которым в последнее время уделяется большое внимание благодаря их эффективности. Вводятся основы квантовой механики, которые необходимы для понимания принципов работы квантового компьютера, такие понятия, как кубиты и кудиты, линейные операторы, процесс измерения и т.д. В качестве примера квантовых вычислений подробно анализируются принцип работы алгоритма Дойча-Йожа, одного из первых квантовых алгоритмов, продемонстрировавшего свои преимущества, и его обобщение на кудиты. Пошагово описан процесс написания простейшего эмулятора квантового компьютера на языке программирования Python. Эмулятор работает с произвольным количеством кубитов и позволяет применять к ним произвольные операторы и проводить множественные измерения конечного состояния кубита. После этого дается обобщение этого эмулятора для работы с кудитами. Чтобы продемонстрировать написанный нами эмулятор, мы представляем программы, реализующие алгоритм Дойча-Йожа и его обобщения на нем, и тестируем их.