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Frontiers in Optics

Towards Quantum Frequency Conversion

Oscar Jimenez, Yiming Lai, J. C. García-Melgarejo, Javier J. Sanchez-Mondragon, Kartik A. Srinivasan, A. Badolato

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We developed a high efficiency, low-loss and high fidelity quantum frequency conversion. The objective was to transduce photons emitted by quantum dots from NIR wavelengths (λ>1.1μm) to visible wavelengths (λ<0.70μm), where single-photon silicon detectors perform best.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2015.jw2a.52

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Establishing a network of quantum systems will be based on single photons as flying qubits. For a long range transmission, wavelengths in the low-loss telecom bands will be necessary. As such a network may consist of dissimilar systems emitting at different wavelengths, an interface will be required converting the photons to the telecom band without disturbing the single photon quantum properties. We here demonstrate frequency down-conversion of single photons from a quantum dot and prove the preservation of the single photon character [1].
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We have studied single photon level frequency up-conversion, and developed efficient single photon detectors and a highly sensitive spectrometer at a telecommunication wavelength (around 1310 nm). We have applied the detector and spectrometer to the implementation of a quantum key distribution system; to the characterization of an entangled photon source and a single photon source from quantum dots; to increase the temporal resolution of the single photon detector; and to study on high-order temporal correlation following frequency conversion. In this paper, we will present an overview on the frequency up-conversion technique and its applications in quantum information systems.
We demonstrate efficient (>30%) quantum frequency conversion of visible single photons (711 nm) emitted by a quantum dot to a telecom wavelength (1313 nm). Analysis of the first- and second-order coherence before and after wavelength conversion clearly proves that pivotal properties, such as the coherence time and photon antibunching, are fully conserved during the frequency translation process. Our findings underline the great potential of single photon sources on demand in combination with quantum frequency conversion as a promising technique that may pave the way for a number of new applications in quantum technology.
Abstract Entanglement between a stationary quantum system and a flying qubit is an essential ingredient of a quantum-repeater network. It has been demonstrated for trapped ions, trapped atoms, color centers in diamond, or quantum dots. These systems have transition wavelengths in the blue, red or near-infrared spectral regions, whereas long-range fiber-communication requires wavelengths in the low-loss, low-dispersion telecom regime. A proven tool to interconnect flying qubits at visible/NIR wavelengths to the telecom bands is quantum frequency conversion. Here we use an efficient polarization-preserving frequency converter connecting 854 nm to the telecom O-band at 1310 nm to demonstrate entanglement between a trapped 40Ca+ ion and the polarization state of a telecom photon with a high fidelity of 98.2 ± 0.2%. The unique combination of 99.75 ± 0.18% process fidelity in the polarization-state conversion, 26.5% external frequency conversion efficiency and only 11.4 photons/s conversion-induced unconditional background makes the converter a powerful ion–telecom quantum interface.