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Chinese Physics B

Noise-free frequency conversion of quantum states

Yunfei Bai, Shuqin Zhai, Jiangrui Gao, Junxiang Zhang

Published Mar 1, 2011• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, the frequency conversion of quantum states based on the intracavity nonlinear interaction is proposed. The fidelity of an input state after frequency conversion is calculated, and it is shown the noise-free frequency conversion of a quantum state can be achieved by injecting a strong signal field. The dependences of conversion efficiency on the pump parameter, extra losses and input state amplitude are also analysed.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/20/3/034207

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In this paper, the frequency conversion of quantum states based on the intracavity nonlinear interaction is proposed. The fidelity of an input state after frequency conversion is calculated, and it is shown the noise-free frequency conversion of a quantum state can be achieved by injecting a strong signal field. The dependences of conversion efficiency on the pump parameter, extra losses and input state amplitude are also analysed.
By utilizing the nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier, the quantum state transfer from a pump state with high frequency to a signal state of lower frequency is studied theoretically. The noiseless state transfer is characterized by frequency conversion efficiency and noise figure. It is shown that the quantum state can be well preserved during the frequency conversion as long as the optical parametric amplifier is operated far below the threshold, and meanwhile injected with an input idler field with a power density about ten times greater than that of the pump. The dependence of the noise figure and conversion efficiency on the idler amplitude, the analyzing frequency and the cavity extra loss is also discussed.
The quantum state transfer from subharmonic frequency to harmonic frequency based on asymmetrically pumped second harmonic generation in a cavity is investigated theoretically. The performance of noise-free frequency up-conversion is evaluated by the signal transfer coefficient and the conversion efficiency, in which both the quadrature fluctuation and the average photon number are taken into consideration. It is shown that the quantum property can be preserved during frequency up-conversion via operating the cavity far below the threshold. The dependences of the transfer coefficient and the conversion efficiency on pump parameter, analysing frequency, and cavity extra loss are also discussed.
The quantum characteristics of sum-frequency process in an optical cavity with an input signal optical beam, which is a half of entangled optical beams, are analyzed. The calculated results show that the quantum properties of the signal beam can be maintained after its frequency is conversed during the intracavity nonlinear optical interaction. The frequency-conversed output signal beam is still in an entangled state with the retained other half of the initial entangled beams. The resultant quantum correlation spectra and the parametric dependences of the correlations on the initial squeezing factor, the optical losses and the pump power of the sum-frequency cavity are calculated. The proposed system for the frequency conversion of the entangled state can be used in quantum communication network and the calculated results can provide direct references for the design of experimental systems.
Quantum frequency conversion (QFC), a critical technology in photonic quantum information science, requires that the quantum characteristics of the frequency-converted photon must be the same as the input photon except for the color. In nonlinear optics, the wave mixing effect far away from the resonance condition is often used to realize QFC because it can prevent the vacuum field reservoir from destroying the quantum state of the converted photon effectively. Under conditions far away from resonance, experiments typically require strong pump light to generate large nonlinear interactions to achieve high-efficiency QFC. However, strong pump light often generates additional noise photons through spontaneous Raman or parametric conversion processes. Herein, we theoretically study another efficient QFC scheme based on a resonant four-wave mixing system. Due to the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), this resonant QFC scheme can greatly suppress vacuum field noise at low light levels; consequently, the converted photon can inherit the quantum state of the input photon with high fidelity. Our research demonstrates that if the conversion efficiency of the EIT-based QFC is close to 100%, the wave function and quadrature variance of the converted photon are almost the same as the input probe photon.
By using a parametric downconversion process with a strong signal field injection, we demonstrate coherent frequency downconversion from a pump photon to an idler photon. Contrary to a common misunderstanding, we show that the process can be free of quantum noise. With an interference experiment, we demonstrate that the coherence is preserved in the conversion process. This may lead to a high-fidelity quantum state transfer from a high-frequency photon to a low-frequency photon and connects a missing link in a quantum network. With this scheme of coherent frequency downconversion of photons, we propose a method of single-photon WDM.
By using a parametric downconversion process with a strong signal field injection, we demonstrate coherent frequency downconversion from a pump photon to an idler photon. Contrary to a common misunderstanding, we show that the process can be free of quantum noise. With an interference experiment, we demonstrate that the coherence is preserved in the conversion process. This may lead to a high-fidelity quantum state transfer from a high-frequency photon to a low-frequency photon and connects a missing link in a quantum network. With this scheme of coherent frequency downconversion of photons, we propose a method of single-photon WDM.