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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

The effects of two photon coherence on the four-wave mixing spectrum in a ladder-type atomic system

Yoon‐Seok Lee, Han Seb Moon

Published Aug 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the analysis of four-wave mixing spectrum in terms of two-photon coherence in a ladder-type atomic system of the 5S1/2- 5P3/2- 5D5/2transition of87Rb atom. This spectroscopy is potentially useful for the effective way to generate a correlated photon pair from an atomic ensemble.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2015.7376027

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We report the physical origins of the on-resonant and off-resonant two-photon absorption (TPA) in an open-ladder-type atomic system of the 5S1/2(F=1)-5P3/2(F′=0,1,2)-5D5/2(F′′=1,2,3) transitions in Rb87 atoms. When the on-resonant TPA, including electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), was transformed into the off-resonant TPA according to the coupling laser frequency detuning, we clarified the dynamics of the atomic coherences by decomposing into the two-photon coherence (TC) and the crossover coherence (CC) terms mixed between one-photon coherence (OC) and TC terms. The physical origins of the two TPAs were completely different; the cause of the on-resonant TPA was the CC term, and that of the off-resonant TPA was the TC term.
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We clarify an interpretation of transmittance signals in ladder-type atomic systems by discriminating the contributions of one-photon resonance, two-photon resonance, and a mixed term of both in the calculated spectra for these ladder-type multilevel atoms. When the two-photon-resonance effect is distinguished from an accurate spectrum calculated by modeling ladder-type electromagnetically-induced transparency for the $5{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}5{P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{-}5{D}_{5/2}$ transitions of 87{}^{87}87Rb atoms, we find that the transmittance signals for the $5{D}_{5/2}({F}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{'}}=2,3)$ states are mainly composed of the mixed term related not to pure-two-photon atomic coherence but to the optical-pumping effect whereas the transmittance signal for the $5{D}_{5/2}({F}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{'}}=4)$ state originates from both the pure-two-photon-resonance term and the mixed term.
We investigated the multi-photon process of each hyperfine-structure dependence on the probe and coupling laser intensities in the closed and open ladder-type atomic configurations in the 5S1/2–5P3/2–5D5/2 transition of 87Rb atoms. When the intensity of the probe laser was comparable to that of the coupling laser, a variation of the closed atomic configuration of the 5S1/2 (F = 2)–5P3/2 (F′ = 3)–5D5/2 (F″ = 4) cycling transition from transmittance to absorption was observed clearly. The spectral features due to multi-photon effects were understood intuitively by using diagrammatic analysis. The observed spectra as functions of the probe and coupling laser intensities were in good agreement with the numerical results calculated with full density matrix equations that included all the degenerate magnetic sublevels of the 5S1/2–5P3/2–5D5/2 transition.