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Acta Physica Sinica

Properties of the injected atomic inversion in the micromaser

Wu Shu-Dong, Ai-Xi Chen, Jin Li-Xia, 华中科技大学物理系，武汉 430074

Published Jan 1, 2003• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we establish the expression of photon statistics in the steady state in the micromaser with Kerr medium cavity, study the properties of the atomi c inversion in a stationary state when the atom is in thermal-atom, critical or ultracold-atom regimes in a micromaser. The results show that the properties of the atomic inversion in different regimes are very distinct. In the thermal-atom regime, there are some regions of the cavity length L where the atoms are i nversive, with the increase of the atomic injection rate r, the regions of a tomic inversion and the probability of the atomic inversion increase. In the cri tical regime, atomic inversion exhibits the collapse and revival phenomena. Howe ver, in ultracold-atom regime, there are all regions of the cavity length L where the atoms are not inversive. Kerr effect and the detuning make the probabi lity of the atomic inversion smaller.

DOI
10.7498/aps.52.1630

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In this paper, we establish the expression of photon statistics in the steady state in the micromaser with Kerr medium cavity, study the properties of the atomi c inversion in a stationary state when the atom is in thermal-atom, critical or ultracold-atom regimes in a micromaser. The results show that the properties of the atomic inversion in different regimes are very distinct. In the thermal-atom regime, there are some regions of the cavity length L where the atoms are i nversive, with the increase of the atomic injection rate r, the regions of a tomic inversion and the probability of the atomic inversion increase. In the cri tical regime, atomic inversion exhibits the collapse and revival phenomena. Howe ver, in ultracold-atom regime, there are all regions of the cavity length L where the atoms are not inversive. Kerr effect and the detuning make the probabi lity of the atomic inversion smaller.
We have established the master equation for the micromaser with a Kerr medium. We have studied the photon statistics of the micromaser with a Kerr medium field and analysed the influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics. The influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics is different in two regimes. In the thermal-atom regime, the Kerr effect produces quantum noise and decreases the mean photon number. In the ultracold-atom regime, with the increase of the nonlinear parameter of the Kerr medium, the stability of the mean photon number and the normalized variance enhances the mean photon number and the normalized variance exhibits collapse-revival phenomena periodically, their resonance peaks become lower and the photon statistics of more and more regions are sub-Poissonian.
We have established the master equation for the micromaser with a Kerr medium,we have studied the photon statics of the micromaser with a Kerr medium field and analysed the influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics,The influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics is different in two regimes,In the thermal-atom regime,the Kerr effect produces quantum noise,and decreases the mean photon number.In the ultracold-atom regime,with the increase of the nonlinear parameter of the Kerr medium,the stability of the mean photon number and the normalized variance enhances the mean photon number,and the normalized variance exhibits collapse-revival phenomena periodically,their resonance peaks become lower,and the photon statistics of more and more regions are sub-Poissonian.
We have established the master equation for the micromaser with Kerr medium field density operator,studied the spectrum of the micromaser with Kerr medium and analyzed the influence of Kerr effect and the detuning onthe spectrum. In the thermal-atom regime, we find that Kerr effect broadens linewidth D and increases frequency-shiftS, and that the detuning A narrows linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S as a whole. Moreover Kerr effect leadsto oscillatings more rapidly in the resonance peaks, which means that it causes quantum noise. As a whole, with theincrease of cavity-length L, the linewidth D and frequency-shift S gradually increase.
We have established the master equation for the micromaser with Kerr medium field density operator, studied the spectrum of the micromaser with Kerr medium and analyzed the influence of Kerr effect and the detuning on the spectrum. In the thermal-atom regime, we find that Kerr effect broadens linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S, and that the detuning Δ narrows linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S as a whole. Moreover Kerr effect leads to oscillatings more rapidly in the resonance peaks, which means that it causes quantum noise. As a whole, with the increase of cavity-length L, the linewidth D and frequency-shift S gradually increase.
We study the spectrum of the micromaser injected with ultracold cascade three-level atoms. We examine the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass motion, the cavity length, the atom-field detuning, the ratio of the atomic injection rate to the cavity decay rate, and the number of photons in thermal equilibrium on the spectrum. We find that the micromaser injected with ultracold three-level atoms shows new spectral properties which are different from those of the micromaser injected with ultracold two-level atoms and the micromaser injected with thermal two- or three-level atoms. The main conclusions are that the linewidth can be broadened and the frequency can be either red-shifted or blue-shifted.