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Acta Physica Sinica

THE ATOMIC EMISSION PROBABILITY OF THE MICROMASER WITH KERR MEDIUM

Wu Shu-Dong, Qu Zhao-Jun, Zhiming Zhan, Jin Li-Xia, 华中科技大学物理系,武汉430074

Published Jan 1, 2001• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we establish the general quantum theory of the micromazer with Kerr medium. When a two-Level atom enters into the Kerr medium cavity field of a coherent state via z motion, we analyze and calculate the atomic emission probability of different regimes (thermal-atom and ultracold-atom regimes).The influence of coupling constant χ,detuning Δ and the atomic injection rate r on the atomic emission probability is discussed emphatically.

DOI
10.7498/aps.50.1925

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In this paper, we establish the general quantum theory of the micromazer with Kerr medium. When a two-Level atom enters into the Kerr medium cavity field of a coherent state via z motion, we analyze and calculate the atomic emission probability of different regimes (thermal-atom and ultracold-atom regimes).The influence of coupling constant χ,detuning Δ and the atomic injection rate r on the atomic emission probability is discussed emphatically.
In this paper, we establish the expression of photon statistics in the steady state in the micromaser with Kerr medium cavity, study the properties of the atomi c inversion in a stationary state when the atom is in thermal-atom, critical or ultracold-atom regimes in a micromaser. The results show that the properties of the atomic inversion in different regimes are very distinct. In the thermal-atom regime, there are some regions of the cavity length L where the atoms are i nversive, with the increase of the atomic injection rate r, the regions of a tomic inversion and the probability of the atomic inversion increase. In the cri tical regime, atomic inversion exhibits the collapse and revival phenomena. Howe ver, in ultracold-atom regime, there are all regions of the cavity length L where the atoms are not inversive. Kerr effect and the detuning make the probabi lity of the atomic inversion smaller.
We have established the master equation for the micromaser with Kerr medium field density operator, studied the spectrum of the micromaser with Kerr medium and analyzed the influence of Kerr effect and the detuning on the spectrum. In the thermal-atom regime, we find that Kerr effect broadens linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S, and that the detuning Δ narrows linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S as a whole. Moreover Kerr effect leads to oscillatings more rapidly in the resonance peaks, which means that it causes quantum noise. As a whole, with the increase of cavity-length L, the linewidth D and frequency-shift S gradually increase.
We derive the dressed states for the interaction of a cascade three-level atom with a quantum cavity field, suggest using ultra-cold cascade three-level atoms in micromasers, put forward the idea of the two-photon mazer, establish its general quantum theory and study its emission probability and photon statistics. We examine the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass momentum, the atom-field detuning, the photon number in thermal equilibrium, the ratio of the atomic injection rate to the cavity decay rate and the interaction length on the emission probability and the photon statistics.
We apply the concept of the mazer to the two-photon process and propose the idea of the two-photon mazer. We establish the general quantum theory of the two-photon mazer and calculate its emission probability in the special case of a mesa mode function. We study not only the case in which the cavity field is initially in a number state, but also the case in which the cavity field is initially in a coherent state. Under the condition of an initial coherent field, the emission probability shows the collapse-revival phenomena, which have different features in different regimes. In the thermal-atom regime, the collapse revivals are similar to that in the two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model. In the critical regime, the collapse revivals look like that in the one-photon Jaynes-Cummings model. In the ultracold-atom regime, the collapse revivals are different from those in the above two regimes. The reasons for these results have been analyzed.