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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Ultrafast adiabatic rapid passage in single InAs quantum dots

Reuble Mathew, Eric Dilcher, Angela Gamouras, Sabine Freisem, DENNIS GLENN DEPPE, Kimberley C. Hall

Published Mar 7, 2014• 0 citations
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An exciton in a quantum dot (QD) strongly couples to light, allowing the ultrafast manipulation of the quantum states on the order of femtoseconds [1]. Since a QD exciton can be regarded as a two-level system, the excitonic state can be manipulated coherently via Rabi oscillations depending on the electric field of the excitation pulse and the resonant frequency of the QD exciton. However, uniformly manipulating the exciton ensemble in a large number of QDs using ultrashort pulses is quite difficult due to the inhomogeneous distributions of the excitonic resonant frequency and the laser intensity for each QD. Adiabatic rapid passage (ARP) has been demonstrated to overcome this problem because it provides a quantum manipulation technique robust over the inhomogeneities [2], [3] by using chirped pulses (CP) instead of using Fourier transform-limited pulses (TLP). While ARP has been studied extensively in two-level systems with inhomogeneous linewidths up to GHz, it has not been rarely applied to two-level systems with THz inhomogeneous linewidths such as QDs. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the ultrafast coherent transfer of the exciton population via ARP in two kinds of QD samples; 150-layer stacked InAs QDs and 50-layer stacked InAs QDs embedded in a resonator (Fig. 1(a)).
Photon echo (PE) techniques offer a promising approach to optical quantum memory, yet their implementation in conventional platforms, such as rare-earth-ion-doped crystals, is hindered by limited bandwidths. Semiconductor quantum dot (QD) ensembles, featuring THz-scale inhomogeneous broadening and sub-picosecond dynamics, provide an attractive alternative for ultrafast applications. However, achieving coherent control across such broad spectral ranges remains challenging due to detuning and spatial field inhomogeneities, which reduce PE efficiency. In this work, we demonstrate that chirped rephasing pulses satisfying adiabatic conditions enable robust adiabatic rapid passage (ARP) across an inhomogeneously broadened InAs QD ensemble. This approach achieves uniform population inversion and broadband rephasing, overcoming the limitations of transform-limited excitation. Experimentally, we observe a 3.2-fold enhancement of the PE signal in dense, self-assembled InAs QDs operating at telecom wavelengths. Numerical simulations based on a two-level model reproduce the experimentally observed ARP-induced enhancement, validating the underlying physical mechanism. These results establish ARP as an effective and scalable method for coherent control in THz-broadened QD ensembles, opening a pathway toward ultrafast and broadband optical quantum memory and communication in the telecom band.