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IEEE International Superconductive Electronics Conference (ISEC)

SQIF Antenna Measurement in Near Field

G.V. Prokopenko, Oleg A. Mukhanov, Robert R. Romanofsky

Published Jul 1, 2015• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have been developing superconducting microwave (8-15 GHz bandwidth) magnetic field receiving antennas based on a two-dimensional (2D) Superconducting Quantum Interference Filter (SQIF) composed of bi-SQUID arrays. The 2D arrays are designed and fabricated using standard HYPRES niobium 4.5 kA/cm2process. The designed non-uniformity in inductances of bi-SQUID cells produces a pronounced zero-field antipeak in the flux-voltage response curve. We select the active antenna operation point by applying an appropriate dc flux bias current to set it in the middle of the antipeak linear slope. We measured comparative responses of the antenna with the SQIF dc bias at ON and OFF states when irradiated by a microwave signal from four different conventional planar ring and patch antennas placed in the near field.

DOI
10.1109/isec.2015.7383482

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We have been developing superconducting microwave (8-15 GHz bandwidth) magnetic field receiving antennas based on a two-dimensional (2D) Superconducting Quantum Interference Filter (SQIF) composed of bi-SQUID arrays. The 2D arrays are designed and fabricated using standard HYPRES niobium 4.5 kA/cm2process. The designed non-uniformity in inductances of bi-SQUID cells produces a pronounced zero-field antipeak in the flux-voltage response curve. We select the active antenna operation point by applying an appropriate dc flux bias current to set it in the middle of the antipeak linear slope. We measured comparative responses of the antenna with the SQIF dc bias at ON and OFF states when irradiated by a microwave signal from four different conventional planar ring and patch antennas placed in the near field.
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We designed, fabricated, and measured broadband low-noise amplifiers based on Superconducting Quantum Interference Filters (SQIFs) for variety of applications ranging from superconducting quantum bits readout to satellite communication receivers. Our microwave amplifiers (Microwave SQAs) are based on 1-, 5-, 10-, 20-cell serial biSQUID SQIF arrays. The RF input is applied via a 50 Ohm coplanar waveguide connected to a superconducting line coupled to each biSQUID cell and integrated with input/output planar capacitors to define and tune up signal frequency bandwidth. The RF output comes out from the central common line via a balanced output circuit matching to a 50 Ohm output coplanar waveguide. The same circuit is used for symmetrical dc biasing of an array. Microwave SQA samples were fabricated on 5 mm × 5 mm chips using standard HYPRES niobium 4.5 kA/cm2fabrication process. The results of experimental evaluation of our Microwave SQAs based on SQIF serial arrays with different number of biSQUID cells are compared. We have demonstrated a power gain up to 20 dB from 8 to 11 GHz.
We first theoretically present a magnetic antenna based on a two dimensional DC superconducting quantum filter device. This antenna may detect the dynamical magnetic field instead of the absolute magnetic field. We call it B-antenna since it only responses to the external magnetic field. We show the robustness of 2D SQIF structure when the 2D SQIF chip encounters statistical distributions of the fabrication of individual Josephson junctions. Finally, we find that B-antenna can work properly even though the bias current is smaller than the critical current. Our research opens the dimensions of novel ultra-sensitive antennas by combing superconducting quantum interference filter devices and classic electromagnetic waves.
The superconducting quantum interference filter (SQIF) is a new type of superconducting device which has been recently proposed for highly sensitive magnetometers for absolute magnetic field measurements. It benefits of very high voltage-to-field response, which is, in contrast conventional dc SQUIDs, not periodical. The SQIF can also be used as a radiofrequency amplifier in a similar way as the dc SQUID that can operate in a gigahertz frequency range. We designed a series type of SQIF amplifier that is compatible to conventional YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO) technology on bicrystal substrates. We present analytical, numerical and scale modeling as well as first electrical measurements results at frequencies up to 10 GHz. The SQIF array consists of 50 loops with randomly distributed areas from 0.5 to 1.5 times of . We also compared it to the regular array of conventional SQUIDs with the same loop areas. We have additional dc contacts to each 5-th SQUIDs and the SQIFs for control and comparison. Devices are fabricated using Josephson junctions with 3 mum width formed in YBCO over 24/24 and 12/12 degrees grain boundaries in yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) bicrystal substrates.
Abstract Superconducting quantum interference filters (SQIF) are promising devices for radio frequency (RF) detection combining low noise, high sensitivity, large dynamic range and wide-band capabilities. Impressive progress has been made recently in the field, with SQIF based antennas and amplifiers showing interesting properties in the GHz range using the well-established Nb/AlO x technology. The possibility to extend these results to high temperature superconductors (HTS) is still open, and different techniques to fabricate HTS SQIFs compete to make RF devices. We report on the DC and RF response of a high temperature SQIF fabricated by the ion irradiation technique. It is made up of 1000 superconducting quantum interference devices in series, with loop areas randomly distributed between 6 and 60 μ m 2 . The DC transfer factor is ∼450 V T −1 at optimal bias and temperature, and the maximum voltage swing ∼2.5 mV. We show that such a SQIF detects RF signals up to 150 MHz. It presents linear characteristics for RF power spanning more than five decades, and non-linearities develop beyond P RF = −35 dBm in our set-up configuration. The second harmonic generation has been shown to be at a minimum at the functioning point in the whole range of frequencies. A model has been developed which captures the essential features of the SQIF RF response.