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A scalable architecture for solid-state quantum metamaterials

Richard D. Wilson, S. Savel

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Quantum metamaterials provide a promising potential test bed for probing the quantum-classical transition. We propose a feasible and scalable architecture for a solid-state quantum metamaterial. This consists of an ensemble of superconducting flux qubits inductively coupled to a superconducting transmission line. We make use of a quasi-classical model to study the transmission properties of the proposed architecture and we also discuss the possibilities for experimentation with this type of extended quantum system.

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Abstract We consider the propagation of a classical electromagnetic wave through a transmission line, formed by identical superconducting charge qubits inside a superconducting resonator. Since the qubits can be in a coherent superposition of quantum states, we show that such a system demonstrates interesting new effects, such as a “breathing” photonic crystal with an oscillating bandgap. Similar behaviour is expected from a transmission line formed by flux qubits. The key ingredient of these effects is that the optical properties of the Josephson transmission line are controlled by the quantum coherent state of the qubits (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Quantum metamaterials provide a promising potential test bed for probing the quantum-classical transition. We propose a feasible and scalable architecture for a solid-state quantum metamaterial. This consists of an ensemble of superconducting flux qubits inductively coupled to a superconducting transmission line. We make use of a quasi-classical model to study the transmission properties of the proposed architecture and we also discuss the possibilities for experimentation with this type of extended quantum system.
A design is proposed for scalable solid-state quantum computing, which is based on collectively enhanced magnetic coupling between nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles and superconducting transmission line resonators interconnected by current-biased Josephson junction superconducting phase qubit. In this hybrid system, we realize distant multi-qubit controlled phase gate operations and generate distant multi-qubit entangled W-like states, being indispensable resource to quantum computation. Our proposed architecture consists of solid-state spin ensembles and circuit QED, and could achieve quantum computing in a solid-state environment with high-fidelity and scalable way. The experimental feasibility is discussed, and the implementation efficiency is demonstrated numerically.
Hybrid quantum interconnects and processor components are likely to play an important role in future scalable quantum communication and computation networks. In this talk, I will outline several nascent ideas for a new type of hybrid system, composed of mechanical elements, superconducting metamaterials, and superconducting qubits, which could be applicable to quantum transduction and memory functions. Before introducing these new ideas, I will start with a summary of recent incipient work at Syracuse that has inspired them. My summary will include a brief overview of efforts in the LaHaye group to investigate interactions between a superconducting transmon qubit and UHF nanomechanical element1; as well, I will highlight work conducted concomitantly and independently by the Plourde group to study the mode structure2 and cQED interactions of a superconducting metamaterial transmission line. The talk will then conclude with an overview of related ideas to utilize qubit-coupled nanoresonator architectures as platforms for quantum simulation.
Quantum metamaterials consist of quantum coherent structures made up of artificial atoms connected by a transmission medium. In this work we investigate the effects of decoherence in both the transmission medium and the artificial atom using a fully quantum mechanical model. We consider a prototypical solid state 1D quantum metamaterial, i.e. a superconducting flux qubit coupled to a transmission line section on resonance. An initially excited qubit is found to effectively pump a propagating coherent pulse and increase the average output power of the transmission line. Evidence of entanglement between the qubit and the transmission line with a propagating coherent pulse is also demonstrated. This signature behaviour is found to still be evident when a level of decoherence in line with that found in typical experiments is introduced into the transmission line section as well as the qubit. Increasing levels of decoherence, particularly in the qubit, are shown to be dangerous as they destroy the quantum correlations between the qubit and the propagating field.
We propose a novel quantum computing architecture that combines the engineered electromagnetic properties of quantum metamaterials with the strongly correlated electron physics of magic-angle systems. By integrating magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) into superconducting metamaterial waveguides, we demonstrate theoretically that the resulting hybrid system exhibits: (1) enhanced qubit coherence through geometric control of electromagnetic modes, (2) tunable qubit-qubit coupling via metamaterial dispersion engineering, and (3) topologically protected quantum states arising from the interplay of moiré band structure and metamaterial boundary conditions. Our framework provides design equations for a scalable quantum computing platform that leverages both the flat-band physics of magic-angle materials and the controllable photon-matter interactions of quantum metamaterials.
Superconducting quantum metamaterials extend the idea of their classical counterpart to a regime where their constituent meta-atoms are quantum objects, which can hold their quantum coherence for longer than the propagation time of light through the medium. In this work, we have realized a quantum metamaterial consisting of eight individually controllable superconducting transmon qubits, which are coupled to the mode continuum of a one-dimensional coplanar waveguide. This system can be described within the framework of waveguide-quantum electrodynamics, which predicates that the mutual interaction of the qubits with the waveguide gives rise to long-range interactions of the qubits. In spectroscopic measurements we observe the formation of super- and subradiant collective metamaterial excitations, as well as the emergence of a polaritonic band gap and study their dependence on the number of participating resonant qubits. We utilize the collective Autler-Townes splitting of the metamaterial to demonstrate control over its band gap. Furthermore, we exploit the control over the band structure for a first realization of slowly propagating light in the metamaterial. Our findings show that superconducting quantum metamaterials are a suitable platform to study fundamental excitations in solids and pave way to applications in quantum information processing like quantum memories.
Abstract We consider the propagation of a classical electromagnetic wave through a transmission line, formed by identical superconducting charge qubits inside a superconducting resonator. Since the qubits can be in a coherent superposition of quantum states, we show that such a system demonstrates interesting new effects, such as a “breathing” photonic crystal with an oscillating bandgap. Similar behaviour is expected from a transmission line formed by flux qubits. The key ingredient of these effects is that the optical properties of the Josephson transmission line are controlled by the quantum coherent state of the qubits (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)