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Physica status solidi. C, Conferences and critical reviews/Physica status solidi. C, Current topics in solid state physics

Telecom single‐photon source with horn structure

K. Takemoto, Shinichi Hirose, Motomu Takatsu, Naoki Yokoyama, Yoshiki Sakuma, Tatsuya Usuki, Tomoyuki MIYAZAWA, Yasuhiko Arakawa

Published Jun 2, 2008• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Nearly background free 1.5‐μm single‐photon source has been demonstrated using quasiresonant pulsed excitation. We performed a micro‐photoluminescence excitation together with photon‐correlation experiments, and then we compared photon statistics in nonresonant and quasiresonant excitation case. When we tuned the pump laser to the quasiresonant state which is 18.6 meV higher than the ground state excitonic transmission, almost background‐free luminescence was found at 1524.3 nm. The second‐order correlation function at time delay of zero, g(2)(0), was reduced to 0.017 when we carefully estimated noise contributions of after‐pulses and dark counts in InGaAs APD detectors. This result opens up the possibility of promoting high quality single‐photon source at telecommunication wavelength. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

DOI
10.1002/pssc.200779270

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Abstract Nearly background free 1.5‐μm single‐photon source has been demonstrated using quasiresonant pulsed excitation. We performed a micro‐photoluminescence excitation together with photon‐correlation experiments, and then we compared photon statistics in nonresonant and quasiresonant excitation case. When we tuned the pump laser to the quasiresonant state which is 18.6 meV higher than the ground state excitonic transmission, almost background‐free luminescence was found at 1524.3 nm. The second‐order correlation function at time delay of zero, g(2)(0), was reduced to 0.017 when we carefully estimated noise contributions of after‐pulses and dark counts in InGaAs APD detectors. This result opens up the possibility of promoting high quality single‐photon source at telecommunication wavelength. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
We report on the experimental demonstration of triggered single-photon emission at the telecom O-band from In(Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy. Micro-photoluminescence excitation experiments allowed us to identify the p-shell excitonic states in agreement with high excitation photoluminescence on the ensemble of QDs. Hereby we drive an O-band-emitting GaAs-based QD into the p-shell states to get a triggered single photon source of high purity. Applying pulsed p-shell resonant excitation results in strong suppression of multiphoton events evidenced by the as measured value of the second-order correlation function at zero delay of 0.03 (and ~0.005 after background correction).
We present the first demonstration of telecom fiber-based quantum key distribution using single photons from a quantum dot in a pillar microcavity. The source offers both telecommunication wavelength operation at 1.3 microns and Purcell enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate. Several emission lines from the InAs/GaAs quantum dot are identified, including the exciton-biexciton cascade and charged excitonic emission. We show an order of magnitude increase in the collected intensity of the emission from a charged excitonic state when temperature tuned onto resonance with the HE11 mode of the pillar microcavity, as compared to the off-resonance intensity. Above- and below-GaAs-bandgap optical excitation was used and the effect of the excitation energy on the photoluminescence investigated. Exciting below the GaAs-bandgap offers significant improvement in the quality of the single photon emission and a reduction of the multi-photon probability to 0.1 times the value for Poissonian light was measured, before subtraction of detector dark counts, the lowest value recorded to date for a quantum dot source at a fibre wavelength. We observe also the first evidence of Purcell enhancement of the spontaneous emission rate for a single telecommunication wavelength quantum dot in a pillar microcavity. We have incorporated the source into a phase encoded interferometric scheme implementing the BB84 quantum cryptography protocol and distributed a key, secure from the pulse splitting attack, over standard telecommunication optical fibre. We show a transmission distance advantage over that possible with (length-optimized) uniform intensity weak coherent pulses at 1310 nm in the same system.
Abstract We have observed edge emission due to free excitons and electron–hole droplets in diamond by two‐photon excitation using subpicosecond laser pulses at 257 nm. We find that excitonic temperatures under two‐photon excitation are much lower than the case of one‐photon excitation. A minimum excitonic temperature of 3.4 K is extracted by spectral analysis. In order to understand the difference of the excitonic temperatures under two‐photon and one‐photon excitations, we discuss a heating mechanism which depends on the density distribution of the electron–hole pairs in the crystal along the laser beam. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Abstract The authors demonstrate pure triggered single‐photon emission from quantum dots (QDs) around the telecommunication C‐band window, with characteristics preserved under non‐resonant excitation at saturation, that is, the highest possible, lifetime‐limited emission rates. The direct measurement of emission dynamics reveals photoluminescence decay times in the range of (1.7–1.8) ns corresponding to maximal photon generation rates exceeding 0.5 GHz. The measurements of the second‐order correlation function exhibit, for the best case, a lack of coincidences at zero time delay—no multiple photon events are registered within the experimental accuracy. This is achieved by exploiting a new class of low‐density and in‐plane symmetric InAs/InP QDs grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a distributed Bragg reflector, perfectly suitable for non‐classical light generation for quantum optics experiments and quantum‐secured fiber‐based optical communication schemes.
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