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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Fibre Source of Intrinsically Time Bandwidth Limited Photon Pairs

Jérémie Fulconis, M. Halder, Alex S. Clark, B. R. Cemlyn, Jeremy L. O’Brien, John Rarity, Chunle Xiong, W. J. Wadsworth

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate a new phase matching scheme for pure state photon pair generation in birefringent photonic crystal fibres. We demonstrate 80% visibility non classical interference between unfiltered photons coming from non degenerate pairs and created in separate sources.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2009.itue3

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Single photons are at the heart of optical quantum technologies such as quantum cryptography, quantum computing and quantum metrology. In this paper we report on the creation of photon pairs via four-wave-mixing (FWM) in birefringent photonic crystal fibres (PCF). It has recently been suggested that for thoroughly engineering the phase matching condition of a birefringent PCF, photon pairs can by created in an intrinsically pure state and narrow band. This can be achieved for cross-polarized phase matching, where two pump photons in the slow axis are converted into a pair of photons, polarized in the orthogonal fast axis. The aim is to produce such intrinsically pure and narrow-band photons and hence to achieve high non-classical interference visibility without any requirement for spectral filtering. In order to experimentally test the purity of our heralded single photons we performed a Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment using heralded signal photons generated in separate PCF sources.
Pure state single photons are at the heart of optical quantum technologies. We have previously reported the generation of photon pairs by four-wave mixing in a single-mode photonic crystal fibre (PCF) and the use of a new birefringent phase matching scheme which results in the generation of narrowband signal photons, around 0.2 nm in bandwidth, and a factorizable photon pair state with no requirement for spectral filtering, leading to increased count rates. Our source is bright, polarized, and tuneable by variable laser wavelength and fibre parameters. Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is observed between photons from two of these sources, a requirement for optical quantum information tasks.
In this paper, we demonstrate a source of photon pairs based on four-wave-mixing in photonic crystal fibres. Careful engineering of the phase matching conditions in the fibres enables us to create photon pairs at 597 nm and 860 nm in an intrinsically factorable state showing no spectral correlations. This allows for heralding one photon in a pure state and hence renders narrow band filtering obsolete. The source is narrow band, bright and achieves an overall detection efficiency of up to 21% per photon. For the first time, a Hong-Ou-Mandel interference with unfiltered photons from separate fibre sources is presented.
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In this paper, we study the tailoring of photon spectral properties generated by four-wave mixing in a birefringent photonic crystal fibre (PCF). The aim is to produce intrinsically narrow-band photons and hence to achieve high non-classical interference visibility and generate high-fidelity entanglement without any requirement for spectral filtering, leading to high effective detection efficiencies. We show unfiltered Hong–Ou–Mandel interference visibilities of 77% between photons from the same PCF and 80% between separate sources. We compare results from modelling the PCF to these experiments and analyse photon purities.