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Journal of Lightwave Technology

All-optical implementation of tunable low-pass, high-pass, and bandpass optical filters using ring resonators

Ali Rostami, Golriz Rostami

Published Jan 1, 2005• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Basic units for realization of all-pole and all-zero transfer functions in all-optical systems using ring resonators and electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) are introduced. Using the basic blocks for generation of pole and zero proposed Any type and any degree of optical filters and optical processing systems can be implemented. In this paper, z transform is used for design and synthesize of low-pass, bandpass, and high-pass Butterworth optical filters as an example. The stability of optical systems designed by the proposed structures is investigated. In addition, EIT is used for the control of pole and zero position.

DOI
10.1109/jlt.2004.834829

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Basic units for realization of all-pole and all-zero transfer functions in all-optical systems using ring resonators and electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) are introduced. Using the basic blocks for generation of pole and zero proposed Any type and any degree of optical filters and optical processing systems can be implemented. In this paper, z transform is used for design and synthesize of low-pass, bandpass, and high-pass Butterworth optical filters as an example. The stability of optical systems designed by the proposed structures is investigated. In addition, EIT is used for the control of pole and zero position.
In this paper, we present a novel method based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and ring resonator for description of all-optical controllable filters that is so necessary for development of all-optical networks and systems. Impurities including 4-level atoms or nanocrystals added to ring resonator for control of the absorption and the index of refraction. Parameters of the control electromagnetic field or fields are used to manipulate the absorption and the index of refraction of the ring resonator. Also, optical filtering behavior of the ring resonator is studied. It is shown that using the control field, optical filtering properties of the proposed structure can be controlled.
In optical applications including hybrid and integrated cases, there are some inherent phenomena such as dispersion, loss and many others that must be critically removed for performance improvement. Among these dispersion is important for light propagation and speed of transmission. Optical pulse broadening and chirping are main disadvantages of dispersion in pulse propagation. Dispersion cancellation in these applications is crucial. Dispersion compensators are widely used which are realized with different methods. In this paper a novel dispersion compensator and management system based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is introduced. For realization of EIT phenomenon in this paper four level atoms or quantum dots is used. In this analysis uniform distribution of these atoms is assumed. With application of control fields the absorption and the index of refraction are controlled. So, with intensity of a control light the dispersion factor is manipulated. For implementation of this idea ring resonator is considered. With application of control signal the group delay, phase difference and dispersion are controlled. Easy integration of the proposed technique is an important advantage of this method. Also, intensity of the control signal is main parameter for dispersion tuning. The proposed technique is all-optical dispersion management system. Our calculations show delay time and dispersion value well over nsec and 20 ps/km.nm respectively.
The optical buffer is a key component in all-optical information processing systems. Recently a number of schemes that use slow light propagation in various media and structures have been proposed as means toward implementation of all-optical buffers. We rigorously analyze the similarities and differences in approaches that use electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and coupled resonant structures (CRS). We introduce the figure of merit, finesse, that is common to both approaches and obtain fundamental limitations on bit rates and storage capacities of optical buffers. We show that at very low bit rates and storage capacities EIT outperforms CRS, but at rates of 10 Mbits/s and above the EIT medium becomes quite inefficient, and the situation is reversed. Two types of CRS based on high-index-contrast fiber gratings and high-index semiconductor-air photonic crystals and (or) microring resonators are found to hold promise for applications in the 1-1000-Gbits/s range, but only if the losses can be drastically reduced.