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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Noiseless image amplification by a phase-sensitive parametric amplifier

Sang-Kyung Choi, Michael Vasilyev, Prem Kumar

Published Jan 1, 1998• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. Optical imaging is one of the important potential applications for nonclassic states of light. It has been shown that spatially broadband squeezed light can be used to image faint objects with sub-shot-noise sensitivity. Broad spatial bandwidth of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA), determined by phase-matching conditions, makes it a good choice for studying the feasibility of imaging with nonclassic states. Here, we report, to our knowledge, the first observation of noiseless amplification of an image by means of phase-sensitive parametric amplification.

DOI
10.1109/cleo.1998.676509

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Feb 25, 1999•1 citation
Summary form only given. Optical imaging is one of the important potential applications for nonclassic states of light. It has been shown that spatially broadband squeezed light can be used to image faint objects with sub-shot-noise sensitivity. Broad spatial bandwidth of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA), determined by phase-matching conditions, makes it a good choice for studying the feasibility of imaging with nonclassic states. Here, we report, to our knowledge, the first observation of noiseless amplification of an image by means of phase-sensitive parametric amplification.
We used a spatially broadband optical parametric amplifier for image amplification. In the phase-sensitive configuration of the amplifier, we observed noiseless amplification of input images. For a gain of $\ensuremath{\simeq}2.5$, we measured noise-figure values of ( $0.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6$) and ( $0.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5$) dB, respectively, for two amplifiers of different lengths. These experimental values agree with theory (for an ideal noiseless amplifier the noise figure is 0 dB) and are almost 2 dB lower than the quantum limit of an ideal phase-insensitive amplifier.
Optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) configured as phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) can be used for noiseless optical image amplification, generation of non-classical states of light, and, in particular, for multimode squeezed light generation. For all these applications and for effective use of the quantum properties of the multimode PSA, we need to know its independently squeezed (or amplified) eigenmodes. First we present the quantum theory of a spatially multimode traveling-wave PSA pumped by a high-power pump beam with arbitrary spatial profile. To quantitatively identify the Green's function of the PSA, we have developed a semi-analytical coupled-mode-theory of the PSA using 2D Hermite-Gaussian mode expansions of the signal- and pump-beam spatial distributions. By using Green's functions of the classical OPA, we calculate the normallyordered quadrature correlators at its output, which provide complete quantum description of the phase-sensitive OPA and enable determination of its independently squeezed eigenmodes. We find the number of the supported eigenmodes and their shapes for a spatially broadband frequency-degenerate optical parametric amplifier with elliptical Gaussian pump. We conclude by discussing our recent extensions of the coupled-mode-theory to study higher-order pump modes, compact representation of the PSA eigenmodes (especially convenient for experiments), and effect of non-zero phase mismatch on the PSA eigenmodes. We expect that the results from our model can be used for optimum mode matching in phase-sensitive image amplification and multimode squeezing generation.
We investigate amplification of optical images by means of a traveling-wave optical parametric amplifier. As shown recently by Kolobov and Lugiato [Phys. Rev. A 52, 4930 (1995)] for a cavity-based geometry, such a scheme can amplify images, without deteriorating their sign-to-noise ratio, thus working as a noiseless amplifier. Here we consider a configuration without cavity, which is more realistic for a possible experimental realization. We investigate in detail the quantum fluctuations of the amplifier and formulate criteria for its noiseless performance. The spatial resolution power, which guarantees noiseless amplification is estimated. We demonstrate how the optimum phase matching of a phase-sensitive wavefront of the image can improve the noise performance of the amplifier and bring it to the ultimate value achievable under given physical conditions. We discuss the effect of improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio in the case of observation of both the input and the amplified image, with an ideal photodetector of small area (i.e., much less than the coherence area of the amplifier). This improvement is due to the fact that the signal-to-noise ratio in the input is deteriorated by the observation with the photodetector of small area.