Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks

Quantum Correlations of Colliding Soltions

Andreas Sizmann, F. Köing, M. Zielonka, R. Steidl, T. Rechtenwald

Published Dec 23, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Soliton collisions in a WDM transmission system produce power and phase correlations among the interacting channels. The quantum limits of the cross-phase-modulation-induced coupling of solitons were intensively investigated in theory and in experiment, however, only in terms of number-phase correlations. A recent multi-mode analysis of propagating solitons and of the soliton collisions shows intra- and inter-pulse photon-number correlations. This analysis provides new insights into the quantum structure of solitons, into the back-action evading detection of the photon number and into a mechanism of intensity modulation cross-talk in WDM transmission systems in the presence of spectral filters. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

DOI
10.1007/0-306-47125-6_18

Related papers

Quantum-nondemolition measurement using spectral correlations between fiber-optical pulses

Friedrich König, T. Rechtenwald, M. Zielonka +3 more

Summary form only given. The collision of optical pulses in a fiber is a promising concept for quantum-nondemolition (QND) measurements of the photon-number using the Kerr effect induced cross-phase modulation (XPM). Spectral filtering of solitons produced strong photon-number noise reduction below shot noise in direct detection. We present a novel QND experiment based on the XPM-induced frequency shift of colliding pulses and on direct detection using spectral filtering.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•May 12, 2000•0 citations

Transient photon-number correlations of interacting solitons

Friedrich König, M. Zielonka, Andreas Sizmann

The multimode quantum fluctuations of colliding solitons are investigated. Strong mutual quantum correlations appear in their intensity spectrum as the solitons approach each other in the collision. The leaving solitons erase the interpulse correlations. These transient correlations are induced by cross phase modulation, whereas the intrapulse correlations are due to self phase modulation. As a possible application a direct detection quantum-nondemolition (QND) measurement of the photon number is proposed. It shows a performance better than a collision induced phase-shift QND measurement.

Physical Review A•Jul 30, 2002•19 citations

Soliton backaction-evading measurement using spectral filtering

Friedrich König, B. C. Buchler, T. Rechtenwald +2 more

We report on a backaction-evading (BAE) measurement of the photon number of fiber-optical solitons operating in the quantum regime. We employ a recently proposed different detection scheme based on spectral filtering of colliding optical solitons. The measurements of the BAE criteria demonstrate significant quantum state preparation and transfer of the input signal to the signal and probe outputs exiting the apparatus, displaying the quantum-nondemolition behavior of the experiment.

arXiv:quant-ph/0209020•Physical Review A•Oct 23, 2002•23 citations

Intrapulse quantum spectral correlation of femtosecond optical pulses in optical fiber

Heongkyu Ju

Intrapulse quantum spectral correlation of photon numbers of a femtosecond optical pulse, which propagates a 5-m-long optical fiber, is presented in a matrix format for quantum noise study by numerical calculation. The calculation includes the higher-order optical effects such as intrapulse-stimulated Raman scattering and self-steepening effects, as well as self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion. The quantum correlations between spectral components (spectral resolution of 0.7 nm) which evolve with the pulse energy are provided in a matrix format at soliton orders including the low orders, $N=0.1$ to 1.0 (a 0.1 step), to give the detailed properties of spectral correlation evolutions in the matrix format. It is shown that the photon-number correlations between spectral components near the pulse spectrum center form strong correlations of a square shape in the matrix, at a soliton order $N$ ($\ensuremath{\le}$0.4), and then are redistributed into those between spectral components near the spectrum wings such that the cross-shaped correlation pattern in the matrix begin to be visible at $N=0.5$ before their further redistribution as $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1.0$. In addition, significant anticorrelations can be increasingly extended to be found between spectral components near the spectrum center as $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1.0$, leading to the expectation that the degree of photon-number squeezing by spectral filtering for subsolitons can be lower than that for solitons. Intrapulse-stimulated Raman scattering that starts to become visible at around $N=0.6$ produces an asymmetric correlation structure with respect to the spectrum center in the correlation matrices while the relevant pulse self-frequency shift becomes visible at $N\ensuremath{\ge}0.8$. The calculation presented indicates that the measurement of nonlinear effects which are not detectable distinctly at the classical level is possible at the quantum level.

Physical Review A•Mar 14, 2012•0 citations

Quantum correlated pulse-pair generation during pulse-trapping propagation in optical fibers

Kenichi Hirosawa, Fumihiko Kannari, Masahiro Takeoka +1 more

We study a different scheme for generating photon number correlation and squeezing for two copropagating pulses, a soliton and a trapped pulse, in an optical fiber. When the center wavelength of a trapped pulse is close to that of a soliton pulse, the two pulses interact with each other through the third-order optical nonlinear process and exchange photons between the two pulses. The soliton pulse exhibits photon number squeezing. When the center wavelengths of the two pulses are sufficiently separated and no photon-number exchange takes place, the strong negative correlation in the photon number between the parts of the trapped pulse and the soliton pulse is formed via cross-phase modulation. By measuring the photon number of the negatively correlated part of the trapped pulse, we can obtain the photon number of the soliton pulse with a variance less than the shot-noise limit.

Physical Review A•Oct 15, 2007•4 citations

Quantum correlations via vector soliton interactions

Andrey Ivanovich Konyukhov

Quantum correlations play a prominent role in numerous applications, from quantum communications and networking to enhanced sensing. I propose using optical soliton splitting and inelastic soliton collision to generate pulse pairs with highly correlated photon number fluctuations. The fluctuations are studied using the linearized quantum fluctuation theory of vector solitons. I show that the interpulse correlations arise in the process of inelastic soliton interactions initiated by the polarization mode dispersion and modulation of the fiber dispersion. The inelastic soliton interactions produce pulses with highly correlated quantum fluctuations in the orthogonal polarization components of the field. In the time domain, the pulses have a four-lobe correlation pattern. In the frequency domain, the correlation functions acquire a ``checkerboard'' structure with alternating positive and negative regions. Correlations between the separated pulses arise only with appropriate pulse width, group velocity dispersion, and polarization mode dispersion. The generation of pulses with high intrapulse correlations offers the possibility of producing entangled sources for continuous-variable quantum communication and computation.

arXiv:2412.09208•Physical Review A•Jan 9, 2025•3 citations
Soliton collisions in a WDM transmission system produce power and phase correlations among the interacting channels. The quantum limits of the cross-phase-modulation-induced coupling of solitons were intensively investigated in theory and in experiment, however, only in terms of number-phase correlations. A recent multi-mode analysis of propagating solitons and of the soliton collisions shows intra- and inter-pulse photon-number correlations. This analysis provides new insights into the quantum structure of solitons, into the back-action evading detection of the photon number and into a mechanism of intensity modulation cross-talk in WDM transmission systems in the presence of spectral filters. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The multimode quantum fluctuations of colliding solitons are investigated. Strong mutual quantum correlations appear in their intensity spectrum as the solitons approach each other in the collision. The leaving solitons erase the interpulse correlations. These transient correlations are induced by cross phase modulation, whereas the intrapulse correlations are due to self phase modulation. As a possible application a direct detection quantum-nondemolition (QND) measurement of the photon number is proposed. It shows a performance better than a collision induced phase-shift QND measurement.
Intrapulse quantum spectral correlation of photon numbers of a femtosecond optical pulse, which propagates a 5-m-long optical fiber, is presented in a matrix format for quantum noise study by numerical calculation. The calculation includes the higher-order optical effects such as intrapulse-stimulated Raman scattering and self-steepening effects, as well as self-phase modulation and group velocity dispersion. The quantum correlations between spectral components (spectral resolution of 0.7 nm) which evolve with the pulse energy are provided in a matrix format at soliton orders including the low orders, N=0.1N=0.1N=0.1 to 1.0 (a 0.1 step), to give the detailed properties of spectral correlation evolutions in the matrix format. It is shown that the photon-number correlations between spectral components near the pulse spectrum center form strong correlations of a square shape in the matrix, at a soliton order NNN ($\ensuremath{\le}$0.4), and then are redistributed into those between spectral components near the spectrum wings such that the cross-shaped correlation pattern in the matrix begin to be visible at N=0.5N=0.5N=0.5 before their further redistribution as $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1.0$. In addition, significant anticorrelations can be increasingly extended to be found between spectral components near the spectrum center as $N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}1.0$, leading to the expectation that the degree of photon-number squeezing by spectral filtering for subsolitons can be lower than that for solitons. Intrapulse-stimulated Raman scattering that starts to become visible at around N=0.6N=0.6N=0.6 produces an asymmetric correlation structure with respect to the spectrum center in the correlation matrices while the relevant pulse self-frequency shift becomes visible at $N\ensuremath{\ge}0.8$. The calculation presented indicates that the measurement of nonlinear effects which are not detectable distinctly at the classical level is possible at the quantum level.
We study a different scheme for generating photon number correlation and squeezing for two copropagating pulses, a soliton and a trapped pulse, in an optical fiber. When the center wavelength of a trapped pulse is close to that of a soliton pulse, the two pulses interact with each other through the third-order optical nonlinear process and exchange photons between the two pulses. The soliton pulse exhibits photon number squeezing. When the center wavelengths of the two pulses are sufficiently separated and no photon-number exchange takes place, the strong negative correlation in the photon number between the parts of the trapped pulse and the soliton pulse is formed via cross-phase modulation. By measuring the photon number of the negatively correlated part of the trapped pulse, we can obtain the photon number of the soliton pulse with a variance less than the shot-noise limit.
Quantum correlations play a prominent role in numerous applications, from quantum communications and networking to enhanced sensing. I propose using optical soliton splitting and inelastic soliton collision to generate pulse pairs with highly correlated photon number fluctuations. The fluctuations are studied using the linearized quantum fluctuation theory of vector solitons. I show that the interpulse correlations arise in the process of inelastic soliton interactions initiated by the polarization mode dispersion and modulation of the fiber dispersion. The inelastic soliton interactions produce pulses with highly correlated quantum fluctuations in the orthogonal polarization components of the field. In the time domain, the pulses have a four-lobe correlation pattern. In the frequency domain, the correlation functions acquire a ``checkerboard'' structure with alternating positive and negative regions. Correlations between the separated pulses arise only with appropriate pulse width, group velocity dispersion, and polarization mode dispersion. The generation of pulses with high intrapulse correlations offers the possibility of producing entangled sources for continuous-variable quantum communication and computation.