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International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems

Chameleon-Based Optimistic Fair Exchange Protocol

Xuan Yang, Zhaoping Yu, Bin Kang

Published Jan 1, 2008• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A fair exchange protocol allows two parties to exchange items in a fair way so that either each party gets the other's item or neither party does. In this paper, we propose a key-exposure-free chameleon hashing scheme based on the discrete logarithm assumption, and prove that it enjoys all advantages of previous schemes: collision resistant, semantic security, message hiding and key exposure freeness. Using this new scheme as kernel, an efficient and secure chameleon-based optimistic fair exchange protocol is proposed. Unlike the vast majority of previously proposed protocols, above approach has no use for verifiably encrypted signature and does not use any zero knowledge proofs, which avoids most of the costly computations. The security of the newly devised protocol is also examined. It is showed that the proposed scheme is secure and efficient.

DOI
10.1109/icess.2008.26

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A fair exchange protocol allows two parties to exchange items in a fair way so that either each party gets the other's item or neither party does. In this paper, we propose a key-exposure-free chameleon hashing scheme based on the discrete logarithm assumption, and prove that it enjoys all advantages of previous schemes: collision resistant, semantic security, message hiding and key exposure freeness. Using this new scheme as kernel, an efficient and secure chameleon-based optimistic fair exchange protocol is proposed. Unlike the vast majority of previously proposed protocols, above approach has no use for verifiably encrypted signature and does not use any zero knowledge proofs, which avoids most of the costly computations. The security of the newly devised protocol is also examined. It is showed that the proposed scheme is secure and efficient.
In ESS2008, Yang et al. suggested a key-exposure-free chameleon hashing scheme, and it can be used to design signature and some other cryptography mechanism. In this paper, we construct a new timeliness optimistic fair exchange protocol based on this key-exposure-free chameleon hashing scheme. The new scheme does not require the use of interactive zero-knowledge proofs in the exchange phase. In our scheme, both parties can contact the trusted third party and settle the argument before the deadline. Moreover, the new scheme achieves fairness and timeliness.
Fairness is the basic requirement of E-Commerce protocols. RSA is one of the most widely used cryptosystems. A fair-exchange protocol allows two parties to exchange items in a fair way so that either each party gets the other's item, or neither party does. In this paper construction and architecture of the existing fair exchange protocols are analyzed. Both practicality and efficiency problems of these protocols are also presented. Based on this analysis, an optimistic fair exchange protocol totally based on RSA signature scheme is proposed. The novel scheme employs verifiably encrypted RSA signatures in the extended integer ring that is elaborately constructed. The security and efficiency of the newly devised scheme are also proved and examined. It is showed that the proposed scheme is secure and efficient.
Based on the verifiably encrypted signature scheme without random oracles recently proposed by Gorantla et al.,a new scheme of optimistic fair exchange of digital signatures is proposed in this paper.The two players firstly exchange their verifiably encrypted signature on agreed-upon messages then their ordinary signature after the verification of each other's verifiably encrypted signature.If one of them executes the protocol dishonestly,the other can resort to a trusted third party so as to get the purpose of fair exchange of signatures.The proposed scheme has properties of short signature,low computation and verification cost.It can realize exchange of digital signatures fairly and efficiently.
A fair exchange scheme is a protocol by which two parties Alice and Bob exchange items or services without allowing either party to gain advantages by quitting prematurely or otherwise misbehaving. To this end, modern cryptographic solutions use a semi-trusted arbitrator who involves only in cases where one party attempts to cheat or simply crashes. We call such a fair exchange scheme optimistic. When no registration is required between the signer and the arbitrator, we say that the fair exchange scheme is setup free. To date, the setup-free optimist fair exchange scheme under the standard RSA assumption was only possible from the generic construction of [12], which uses ring signatures. In this paper, we introduce a new setup-free optimistic fair exchange scheme under the standard RSA assumption. Our scheme uses the GQ identity-based signature and is more efficient than [12]. The construction can also be generalized by using various identity-based signature schemes. Our main technique is to allow each user to choose his (or her) own “random” public key in the identitybased signature scheme.
A key problem of electronic commerce (for short e-commerce) is fair exchange which guarantees that at the end of the transaction, either both parties in the transaction receive each other's items or none do. A non-interactive optimistic fair exchange e-commerce protocol model based on the publicly verifiable secret sharing is presented. The main idea of our exchange protocol is to interchange verifiable and recoverable keys of the symmetric encryption for participants' items. So it is especially suitable for exchange of large-size items. Furthermore, our protocol is efficient and simple as it does not need interactive proof system which has been adopted by a large quantity of previously proposed fair exchange protocols. Based on a modified (2,2) secret sharing scheme, a concrete non-interactive fair exchange e-commerce protocol is designed.