Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

International Journal of Quantum Information

A TWO-STEP CHANNEL-ENCRYPTING QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION PROTOCOL

Fen-Zhuo Guo, Fei Gao, Qiaoyan Wen, Fu-Chen Zhu

Published Sep 1, 2010• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A two-step channel-encrypting quantum key distribution protocol is proposed. Using the previously shared EPR pairs as the quantum key, two bits of classical key can be established via one information carrier EPR state on average. In theory, the efficiency of this protocol reaches 100%, and there is no need to consume any entangled states including both the quantum key and the information carriers in ideal condition. The protocol can resist the particular attack that is fatal to other some channel-encrypting schemes. Principally, we prove the security against the most general individual attack of this protocol. Entanglement collapse in practical situation, as well as the realistic implementation of this protocol is also discussed.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749910006241

Related papers

Quantum Key Distribution Scheme Based on Dense Encoding in Entangled States

Zhang Xiaolong, Yuexia Zhang, Kelin Gao

A quantum key distribution protocol, based on the quantum dense encoding in entangled states, is presented. In this protocol, we introduce an encoding process to encode,two classical bits information into one of the four one-qubit unitary operations implemented by Alice and the Bell states measurement implemented by Bob in stead of direct measuring the previously shared Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs by both of the distant parties, Alice and Bob Considering the practical application we can get the conclusion that our protocol has some advantages. It not only simplifies the measurement which may induce potential errors, but also improves the effectively transmitted rate of the generated qubits by the raw key. Here we also discuss eavesdropping attacks against the scheme and the channel loss.

Communications in Theoretical Physics•Apr 1, 2005•7 citations

One Step Quantum Key Distribution Based on EPR Entanglement

Jian Li, Na Li, Leilei Li +1 more

A novel quantum key distribution protocol is presented, based on entanglement and dense coding and allowing asymptotically secure key distribution. Considering the storage time limit of quantum bits, a grouping quantum key distribution protocol is proposed, which overcomes the vulnerability of first protocol and improves the maneuverability. Moreover, a security analysis is given and a simple type of eavesdropper's attack would introduce at least an error rate of 46.875%. Compared with the "Ping-pong" protocol involving two steps, the proposed protocol does not need to store the qubit and only involves one step.

Scientific Reports•Jun 30, 2016•32 citations

QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION BASED ON ENTANGLEMENT SWAPPING BETWEEN TWO BELL STATES

Fen-Zhuo Guo, Tailin Liu, Qiaoyan Wen +1 more

Based on entanglement swapping between two Bell states, two novel quantum key distribution protocols are proposed. One is for two-level systems, where there is no need for classical communication before each entanglement swapping. This feature is essential to its practical realization. Furthermore, to establish an arbitrarily long key, the protocol needs only two Bell states. The other is for d-level (d > 2) systems, in which higher security and higher source capacity are achieved. Using the theory of quadratic residue, we prove that in the two-qudit systems, each Bell state is a uniform superposition of all basis states in the dual basis, which is different to the situation in two-qubit systems. This difference means our two-level protocol cannot be generalized to the d-level situation directly. On the other hand, it results in higher security of our d-level protocol and is instructive to design quantum cryptography protocols.

International Journal of Quantum Information•Oct 1, 2006•8 citations

Quantum Key Distribution Based on Entanglement Swapping

LI Wen-qia

In order to enhance the efficiency of quantum key distribution( QKD),a protocol based on entanglement swapping is proposed. Without classical information exchange or unitary operations,the two communication parts can securely share a session key by entanglement swapping and Bell measurement. Almost all qubits,except a few which are used to check the security of quantum channel,can produce the private key,and two pairs of entangled particles can generate two bits private key. The protocol is proved to secure using Stinespring Dilation Theorem and the efficiency analysis is presented.

Science Technology and Engineering•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations

QUANTUM KEY-DISTRIBUTION PROTOCOL FOR N-BIT SECRET MESSAGE COMMUNICATION

Feng Pan, L. R. Dai, Jerry Paul Draayer

Possible schemes for sending N-bit secret message with established N EPR pairs and a classical channel between two parties, are considered. The corresponding N-particle quantum key-distribution for N-bit secret message communication is outlined.

International Journal of Modern Physics C•May 1, 2002•0 citations

EFFICIENT QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION SCHEME USING THE BELL STATE MEASUREMENT

Xiaoyu Li

In this paper we provide a quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme based on the correlations of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) pairs. The scheme uses an auxiliary qubit to interact with the EPR pair and does the Bell state measurement to get the key. It is proved to be secure. All EPR pairs are used in distributing the key except some error-checking bits. So it is efficient. On the other hand there are less classical communications needed in the scheme.

International Journal of Modern Physics C•Jul 1, 2003•19 citations
A two-step channel-encrypting quantum key distribution protocol is proposed. Using the previously shared EPR pairs as the quantum key, two bits of classical key can be established via one information carrier EPR state on average. In theory, the efficiency of this protocol reaches 100%, and there is no need to consume any entangled states including both the quantum key and the information carriers in ideal condition. The protocol can resist the particular attack that is fatal to other some channel-encrypting schemes. Principally, we prove the security against the most general individual attack of this protocol. Entanglement collapse in practical situation, as well as the realistic implementation of this protocol is also discussed.
A quantum key distribution protocol, based on the quantum dense encoding in entangled states, is presented. In this protocol, we introduce an encoding process to encode,two classical bits information into one of the four one-qubit unitary operations implemented by Alice and the Bell states measurement implemented by Bob in stead of direct measuring the previously shared Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs by both of the distant parties, Alice and Bob Considering the practical application we can get the conclusion that our protocol has some advantages. It not only simplifies the measurement which may induce potential errors, but also improves the effectively transmitted rate of the generated qubits by the raw key. Here we also discuss eavesdropping attacks against the scheme and the channel loss.
A novel quantum key distribution protocol is presented, based on entanglement and dense coding and allowing asymptotically secure key distribution. Considering the storage time limit of quantum bits, a grouping quantum key distribution protocol is proposed, which overcomes the vulnerability of first protocol and improves the maneuverability. Moreover, a security analysis is given and a simple type of eavesdropper's attack would introduce at least an error rate of 46.875%. Compared with the "Ping-pong" protocol involving two steps, the proposed protocol does not need to store the qubit and only involves one step.
Based on entanglement swapping between two Bell states, two novel quantum key distribution protocols are proposed. One is for two-level systems, where there is no need for classical communication before each entanglement swapping. This feature is essential to its practical realization. Furthermore, to establish an arbitrarily long key, the protocol needs only two Bell states. The other is for d-level (d > 2) systems, in which higher security and higher source capacity are achieved. Using the theory of quadratic residue, we prove that in the two-qudit systems, each Bell state is a uniform superposition of all basis states in the dual basis, which is different to the situation in two-qubit systems. This difference means our two-level protocol cannot be generalized to the d-level situation directly. On the other hand, it results in higher security of our d-level protocol and is instructive to design quantum cryptography protocols.
In order to enhance the efficiency of quantum key distribution( QKD),a protocol based on entanglement swapping is proposed. Without classical information exchange or unitary operations,the two communication parts can securely share a session key by entanglement swapping and Bell measurement. Almost all qubits,except a few which are used to check the security of quantum channel,can produce the private key,and two pairs of entangled particles can generate two bits private key. The protocol is proved to secure using Stinespring Dilation Theorem and the efficiency analysis is presented.