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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Quantum Information Processing with Double-Well Optical Lattices

Nathan E. Lundblad, J. V. Porto

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a technique to address a spatially dense field-insensitive qubit register composed of neutral atoms held in a double-well optical lattice. We robustly perform single-qubit rotation on qubits located at addressed lattice sites.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2009.iwg2

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The design of many proposed quantum computational platforms is driven by competing needs: isolating the quantum system from the environment to prevent decoherence, and easily and accurately controlling the system with external fields. Neutral-atom optical-lattice architectures provide environmental isolation through the use of states that are robust against fluctuating external fields, yet external fields are nevertheless essential for qubit addressing. Here we demonstrate the selection of individual qubits with external fields, despite the fact that the qubits are in field-insensitive superpositions. We use a spatially inhomogeneous external field to map selected qubits to a different field-insensitive superposition, minimally perturbing unselected qubits, despite the fact that the addressing field is not spatially localized. We show robust single-qubit rotations on neutral-atom qubits located at sites within a double-well configuration with minimal dephasing of neighboring qubits. This precise coherent control is an important step forward for lattice-based neutral-atom quantum computation, and is quite generally applicable to state transfer and qubit isolation in other architectures using field-insensitive qubits. Additionally this double-well proof-of-principle work should be quite applicable in the single-site addressability regime currently being explored by several groups. Additionally we present work demonstrating the near-elimination of the differential light shift for various qubit transitions, using a novel scheme balancing differential shifts with residual vector light shifts of nominally field-insensitive transitions. For details see references [1–6]
Optical lattices with one atom on each site and interacting via cold controlled collisions provide an efficient way to entangle a large number of qubits with high fidelity. It has already been demonstrated experimentally that this approach is especially suited for the generation of cluster states [O. Mandel et al., Nature 425, 937 (2003)] which reduce the resource requirement for quantum computing to the ability to perform single-qubit rotations and qubit read out. In this paper, we describe how to implement these rotations in one-dimensional and two-dimensional optical lattices without having to address the atoms individually with a laser field.
One of the essential features of a quantum computer is a quantum 'register' of well-characterized qubits. Neutral atoms in optical lattices are a natural candidate for such a register. We have demonstrated a patterned-loading technique that can be used to load atoms into large arrays of tightly confined but optically resolvable lattice sites. We have also seen preliminary indications of the Mott-insulator transition, which provides a route for single-atom initialization of the individual sites. Combining the two experiments should allow for large arrays of individually addressable single atoms, a system which provides a starting point for further quantum computation studies.
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We present a proposal for quantum information processing with neutral atoms trapped in optical lattices as qubits. Initialization and coherent control of single qubits can be achieved with standard laser cooling and spectroscopic techniques. We consider entangling two-qubit logic gates based on optically induced dipole-dipole interactions, calculating a figure-of-merit for various protocols. Massive parallelism intrinsic to the lattice geometry makes this an intriguing system for scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation.