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Quantum Electronics

Interference stabilisation of Rydberg atoms in a strong laser field

Mikhail Vladimirovich Fedorov

Published Jul 31, 1999• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A review is given of the published theoretical and experimental investigations of the interference stabilisation of Rydberg atoms by a strong optical field. The physical nature of the effect, the models used to describe it, the alternative stabilisation mechanisms, and the extent to which the theoretical results match the published experimental data are discussed.

DOI
10.1070/qe1999v029n07abeh001534

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A review is given of the published theoretical and experimental investigations of the interference stabilisation of Rydberg atoms by a strong optical field. The physical nature of the effect, the models used to describe it, the alternative stabilisation mechanisms, and the extent to which the theoretical results match the published experimental data are discussed.
Interference stabilization of Rydberg atoms in a sufficiently strong laser field is revisited. Its main features predicted theoretically and observed experimentally are described together with the newest experimental and theoretical results. The most important new results concern the found efficient population of atomic Rydberg levels in the process of multiphoton ionization and interference stabilization of population at Rydberg levels. Another important new topic is the interference stabilization at vibrational levels of dissociating molecules.
A description of the common properties for different phenomena is presented: interference stabilization of Rydberg atoms in a strong electromagnetic field and phase locking of an array of cavities. A comparison of master equations is held for the discussed effects. Analytical expressions for basic parameters of the problems involved are used for quantitative analysis. The analogy established is exploited for the interpretation of a decrease in intracavity losses in the system of two coupled cavities with an increase of the extent of mutual coupling at a slight detuning of the cavity lengths. The expediency of the analogy establishment consists of existing difficulties in experimental confirmation of the principles of Rydberg-atom stabilization.
A brief state-of-art review of the research into the interaction of laser radiation with Rydberg atoms and clusters of Rydberg atoms is provided. The dynamics of various Rydberg species in a high-frequency optical field is described with the use of the quantum-mechanical approach. Experimental data indicating the existence of Rydberg-state species (Rydberg clusters and Rydberg matter) are analyzed. A special emphasis is placed on Raman processes in Rydberg atoms and Rydberg matter created on solid surfaces.
Interference stabilization of atoms is investigated numerically. Raman-type transitions to Rydberg states with higher values of the electron orbital momentum are taken into account. These transitions are shown to change qualitatively theoretical predictions concerning the dependence of the time of ionization on the light-field-strength amplitude : if the weak-field time of ionization, as usual, is a falling function of , in a strong-field region the function is predicted to be more or less constant and of the order of the classical Kepler period in a rather large interval of , in contrast with the earlier prediction according to which, in a strong field, was assumed to be a rather fast growing function. The results derived are shown to be in a rather good agreement with the existing experiments. Alternative theoretical models are discussed.
Excitation and photoionization of Rydberg wave packets are described. Interference of bound-free transitions from many coherently populated Rydberg levels is shown to affect the dependence of the photoionization probability on the duration of interaction. Strong-field interference effects in such a system are described also. The most important of these is the field-induced interference stabilization of Rydberg atoms in a strong ionizing field. The intensity range in which this effect can exist is determined. The results derived are used for a qualitative model describing supercontinuum emission in the process of multiphoton ionization.