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Physical Review A

Influence of atomic recoil on the spectrum of resonance fluorescence from a two-level atom

Mara Goff Prentiss, Shaoul Ezekiel

Published Jan 1, 1987• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By including the effect of atomic recoil, the fluorescence spectrum for a two-level atom can become asymmetric whether the atom is in a uniform field or in a field gradient. This predicted asymmetry in a field gradient accounts for some of the previously observed but hitherto unexplained asymmetry in the fluorescence spectrum.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.35.922

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The author has studied the effect of an adiabatically and near-adiabatically increasing field intensity on the resonance fluorescence spectrum of the two-level atom. There is an asymmetry in the spectrum for off-resonance excitation and that this is due to the fact that the field turn-on repopulates the dressed state which has been depopulated by spontaneous emission. Also found are the conditions under which the temporal shape of the field turn-on may be found in a simple way. Corrections to this shape due to atomic recoil are discussed, and found to be small under typical experimental conditions.
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A simple physical model is presented which explains the asymmetry recently predicted in the fluorescence spectra from a two-level atom driven slightly off resonance by a partially coherent field. The asymmetry is due to a continuing reinitiation of the transient response of the atom as its dipole moment tries to settle down to a steady-state phase relation with the fluctuating applied field. A Lorentz-model calculation based on this idea is able to give a qualitative explanation of the spectra at all field strengths, and a quantitative explanation of the low-intensity spectra. The predicted spectra are compared with those recently derived by Kimble and Mandel.
The resonance fluorescence spectrum of a two-level atom in a classical light field, whose phase is changed by a feedback system by π after the detection of each spontaneous photon, has been calculated. The spectrum resembles the well-known Rautian-Mollow triplet. However, the sidebands become sharply asymmetric at a nonzero frequency detuning of the light field from the atomic resonance transition. In addition, the spectrum retains the pronounced triplet shape even beyond the secular approximation, when the sidebands of the Rautian-Mollow structure become unresolved in the absence of the feedback.