Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Express

Four-wave-mixing between the upper excited states in a ladder-type atomic configuration

Utsab Khadka, Huaibin Zheng, Min Xiao

Published Mar 2, 2012• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Four-wave-mixing (FWM) radiation is generated between the hyperfine structures of the 5D and 5P states in a thermally broadened rubidium atomic vapor using resonant atomic coherence. Background-free unidirectional signals having narrow spectral linewidths are isolated and experimentally studied in the frequency domain, and the effects of the driving beam parameters on the properties of the radiation are discussed. The radiation has several new properties compared to traditional FWM radiations generated between the 5P and 5S states. The high-resolution signals obtained in this method could make it favorable in spectroscopic procedures that rely on two-photon fluorescence.

DOI
10.1364/oe.20.006204

Related papers

Four-wave-mixing Between The Upper-excited States In A Cascade Configuration

Utsab Khadka, Huaibin Zheng, Min Xiao

Two-color resonant four-wave-mixing radiation is generated between the 5D5/2 and 5P3/2 excited states in atomic rubidium vapor using atomic coherence via Doppler-free EIT and two-photon absorption mechanisms, and studied in the frequency domain.

Frontiers in Optics•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations

Opening fluorescence and four-wave mixingviadual electromagnetically induced transparency windows

Zhengyang Zhao, Z G Wang, P Y Li +5 more

We experimentally compare the probe transmission, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals under dressing effects for the first time. Especially, the interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y -type atomic system. Moreover, the two-photon fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained, which is much narrower than the Doppler-free electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be potentially applied in metrology and quantum correlation.

Laser Physics Letters•Sep 20, 2012•16 citations

Fluorescence and Four-Wave Mixing in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Windows

Zhiguo Wang, Cheng Li, Zhaoyang Zhang +4 more

We simultaneously compare the probe transmission, Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals with dressing effects in a four-level atomic system. The variation rules of three types of signals are exhibited by changing the frequency detuning and power of incident laser beams. The interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y-type atomic system. In particular, the fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained due to being sheared twice by the electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be used for the quantum correlation and narrow linewidth laser.

Chinese Physics Letters•Feb 1, 2013•1 citation

Four-wave mixing in a ladder configuration of warm 87 Rb atoms: a theoretical study

Heung‐Ryoul Noh, Han Seb Moon

We present a theoretical study of the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectra of 5 S 1/2 − 5 P 3/2 − 5 D 5/2 ladder-type transitions of 87 Rb atoms. The density matrix equations are solved by considering all the magnetic sublevels to calculate the FWM signals in the atomic vapor cell. These results are subsequently compared with the experimental results. We observe that the FWM signal propagating exactly opposite to the driving field is measured experimentally. Additionally, we demonstrate the effects of optical depth, laser linewidths, and the coupling field power on the FWM spectra. Finally, the origin of the dispersive-like FWM signal is investigated by intentionally varying the intrinsic atomic properties.

Optics Express•Feb 10, 2021•10 citations

Atomic coherence effects in four-wave mixing process of a ladder-type atomic system

Yoon‐Seok Lee, Han Seb Moon

Rb atoms. By comparing the FWM spectra with the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra of the hyperfine states, we confirm that the FWM process is significantly influenced by both ladder-type and V-type two-photon coherences. From the observed FWM signal of each hyperfine structure, we clarify the role of two-photon coherence in the FWM process under EIT, double-resonance optical pumping (DROP), and two-photon absorption (TPA) conditions in a ladder-type atomic system, which is dependent on the open degree of the hyperfine states, the laser intensity, and the laser frequency detuning.

Optics Express•May 9, 2016•21 citations

Interferometric control of parametrically amplified waveforms

Utsab Khadka, Huaibin Zheng, Min Xiao

Using atomic coherence, four-wave-mixing radiation is generated between the excited states of a ladder-type configuration in rubidium atomic vapor. By using all-optical phase control between the two frequency-swept driving beams connecting the two lower levels, the generated signal is phase modulated across its bandwidth. When homodyned with a local oscillator, such phase control looks promising for applications including waveform shaping and high-resolution metrology. Experimental observations of signal line shape symmetrization, linewidth narrowing, and bandwidth switching are demonstrated.

Physical Review A•Oct 6, 2011•2 citations
Four-wave-mixing (FWM) radiation is generated between the hyperfine structures of the 5D and 5P states in a thermally broadened rubidium atomic vapor using resonant atomic coherence. Background-free unidirectional signals having narrow spectral linewidths are isolated and experimentally studied in the frequency domain, and the effects of the driving beam parameters on the properties of the radiation are discussed. The radiation has several new properties compared to traditional FWM radiations generated between the 5P and 5S states. The high-resolution signals obtained in this method could make it favorable in spectroscopic procedures that rely on two-photon fluorescence.
We experimentally compare the probe transmission, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals under dressing effects for the first time. Especially, the interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y -type atomic system. Moreover, the two-photon fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained, which is much narrower than the Doppler-free electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be potentially applied in metrology and quantum correlation.
We simultaneously compare the probe transmission, Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals with dressing effects in a four-level atomic system. The variation rules of three types of signals are exhibited by changing the frequency detuning and power of incident laser beams. The interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y-type atomic system. In particular, the fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained due to being sheared twice by the electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be used for the quantum correlation and narrow linewidth laser.
We present a theoretical study of the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectra of 5 S 1/2 − 5 P 3/2 − 5 D 5/2 ladder-type transitions of 87 Rb atoms. The density matrix equations are solved by considering all the magnetic sublevels to calculate the FWM signals in the atomic vapor cell. These results are subsequently compared with the experimental results. We observe that the FWM signal propagating exactly opposite to the driving field is measured experimentally. Additionally, we demonstrate the effects of optical depth, laser linewidths, and the coupling field power on the FWM spectra. Finally, the origin of the dispersive-like FWM signal is investigated by intentionally varying the intrinsic atomic properties.
Rb atoms. By comparing the FWM spectra with the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra of the hyperfine states, we confirm that the FWM process is significantly influenced by both ladder-type and V-type two-photon coherences. From the observed FWM signal of each hyperfine structure, we clarify the role of two-photon coherence in the FWM process under EIT, double-resonance optical pumping (DROP), and two-photon absorption (TPA) conditions in a ladder-type atomic system, which is dependent on the open degree of the hyperfine states, the laser intensity, and the laser frequency detuning.
Using atomic coherence, four-wave-mixing radiation is generated between the excited states of a ladder-type configuration in rubidium atomic vapor. By using all-optical phase control between the two frequency-swept driving beams connecting the two lower levels, the generated signal is phase modulated across its bandwidth. When homodyned with a local oscillator, such phase control looks promising for applications including waveform shaping and high-resolution metrology. Experimental observations of signal line shape symmetrization, linewidth narrowing, and bandwidth switching are demonstrated.