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OSA Advanced Photonics Congress

Dual-channel, single-photon upconversion detector at 1300 nm

Paulina S. Kuo, Jason S. Pelc, Oliver Slattery, Lijun Ma, M. M. Fejer, Xiao Hong Tang

Published Jan 1, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We show a dual-channel, upconversion detector at 1.3-μm-wavelength based on phase-modulated periodically poled LiNbO3, and use it for wavelength- to time-division multiplexing to achieve high data rates, useful for quantum key distribution.
DOI
10.1364/np.2012.nm3c.6

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We demonstrate a two-channel, upconversion detector for counting 1300-nm-wavelength photons. By using two pumps near 1550 nm, photons near 1300 nm are converted to two spectrally distinct channels near 710 nm using sum-frequency generation (SFG) in a periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguide. We used spectral-conversion engineering to design the phase-modulated PPLN waveguide for simultaneous quasi-phasematching of two SFG processes. The two channels exhibit 31% and 25% full-system photon detection efficiency, and very low dark count rates (650 and 550 counts per second at a peak external conversion efficiency of 70%) through filtering using a volume Bragg grating. We investigate applications of the dual-channel upconversion detector as a frequency-shifting beamsplitter, and as a time-to-frequency converter to enable higher-data-rate quantum communications.
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We demonstrate 1500 nm band single-photon detection with low dark-count noise and a potentially high efficiency, which may allow long distance and high-bit-rate quantum key distribution. By developing frequency upconversion devices based on periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides, which are specifically designed to use a pump wavelength longer than that of communication-band photons, we completely eliminate the dark-count noise caused by parasitic nonlinear processes in the waveguide. We observed an internal conversion efficiency as high as 40% and demonstrated scaling down to the single photon level while maintaining a background dark-count rate of 10(2)s(-1).
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