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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Stopping single photons in one-dimensional circuit quantum electrodynamics systems

Jung‐Tsung Shen, Michelle L. Povinelli, Sunil Sandhu, Shanhui Fan

Published May 1, 2007• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a mechanism to stop and time-reverse single photons in one-dimensional circuit quantum electrodynamics systems. The circuit can be designed to be of deep sub-wavelength scale, and can stop and store two photons in the system at the same time.
DOI
10.1109/qels.2007.4431724

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We propose a mechanism to stop and time reverse single photons in one-dimensional circuit quantum electrodynamics systems. As a concrete example, we exploit the large tunability of the superconducting charge quantum bit (charge qubit) to predict one-photon transport properties in multiple-qubit systems with dynamically controlled transition frequencies. In particular, two qubits coupled to a waveguide give rise to a single-photon transmission line shape that is analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic systems. Furthermore, by cascading double-qubit structures to form an array and dynamically controlling the qubit transition frequencies, a single photon can be stopped, stored, and time reversed. With a properly designed array, two photons can be stopped and stored in the system at the same time. Moreover, the unit cell of the array can be designed to be of deep subwavelength scale, miniaturizing the circuit.
We introduce a circuit quantum electrodynamical setup for a "single-photon" transistor. In our approach photons propagate in two open transmission lines that are coupled via two interacting transmon qubits. The interaction is such that no photons are exchanged between the two transmission lines but a single photon in one line can completely block or enable the propagation of photons in the other line. High on-off ratios can be achieved for feasible experimental parameters. Our approach is inherently scalable as all photon pulses can have the same pulse shape and carrier frequency such that output signals of one transistor can be input signals for a consecutive transistor.
Quantum Optics It becomes increasingly difficult to detect long-wavelength single photons because of thermal fluctuations in the background. This can pose problems for single-photon detection for fields such as astronomy and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Gely et al. used a superconducting qubit, initially developed for circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) and quantum information processing for microwaves, to directly observe the quantization of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields stored in a photonic microresonator. They were then able to manipulate the quantum state of the radio-frequency field, forming one- and two-photon Fock states within the microresonator, and analyze how the system interacts dynamically with its environment. The cQED approach could be used for fundamental studies in quantum thermodynamics and also find practical application in imaging. Science , this issue p. [1072][1] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aaw3101