Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Laser and Particle Beams

All-optical devices based on three-wave mixing for logic and information processing

EREZ.M. YAHALOMI

Published Apr 1, 2001• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A method of creating all-optical devices for logic information processing is presented. The mechanism is based on virtual photon interaction in quantum field description, or dipole moment interaction in classical description. The device consists of two optical information bits channels and one optical bits channel of logic commands like AND, NOT, OR. A variety of logic operations can be achieved on one optical setup by polarization change of the logic bits which determines the logic commands. I present another application for the method as an information channels selector.

DOI
10.1017/s0263034601192086

Related papers

Quantum logic operations based on photon-exchange interactions

J. D. Franson, T. B. Pittman

Nonlinear interactions between two photons are required for the construction of optical quantum logic gates, but those interactions are normally very weak due to the small magnitude of the electric field associated with a single photon. We note that exchange interactions can have a large effect even when there is no physical interaction between two particles, and we exploit this property for the construction of optical quantum logic gates. We show that the probability of there being two virtually-excited atoms in a medium can be a factor of 2 larger when two nonresonant photons propagate through the same medium as compared to the case in which they propagate through two separate media, in analogy with photon bunching. As a result, the application of one or more laser pulses will produce a nonlinear phase shift that can be used to construct an XOR quantum logic gate. This provides an example of a quantum control process in which one photon can control the state of another photon even when there is no sequence of physical interactions linking the two photons. From a classical point of view, it is not possible to identify a path for the flow of information or a specific cause for the outcome of the control process.

Physical Review A•Aug 1, 1999•27 citations

Application of magneto-optical logic devices for cryptographic processing in optical communication systems

Abduvali M. Khidirov, Khakberdi Jumanov, J R Kilichov +2 more

This paper presents a study of magneto-optical waveguide logic gates for optical communication systems. Simple logic operations are implemented by modulating photon states in a material through applied magnetic fields. By controlling the magnetic field's amplitude and orientation relative to light propagation, selecting polarizer/analyzer alignment, and configuring waveguides, we designed logic gates including qubit-compatible models that overcome the low coherence times typical of optical qubits. Optical qubits are promising candidates for quantum information processing and data transmission. For cryptographic applications using Vernam encryption, we developed an XOR logic gate simulator based on magneto-optical principles. Experimental validation employed ASCII encoding and text encryption/decryption algorithms, demonstrating successful cryptographic processing of confidential data over fiber-optic lines. The results show that magneto-optical qubit control mechanisms enable modeling diverse waveguide-based logic gates, including a half adder performing parallel XOR and AND operations. These devices facilitate novel information processing and transmission architectures.

Optical and Computational Technologies for Measurements and Industrial Applications (OptiComp)•Sep 23, 2025•0 citations

Basic all-optical logic controlled-NOT, AND, and OR gates employing electro-optic effect in PPLN

Yubin Tang, Yuping Chen, Haowei Jiang +2 more

We demonstrate polarization-based binary all-optical logic functions, such as controlled-NOT, AND and OR gates through electro-optic Pockels effect of PPLN. By using these gates with others, Complicated Boolean calculation should be expected.

International Photonics and Optoelectronics Meetings•Jan 1, 2012•0 citations

A Description of the Properties of Electrons in an Atom without Mathematical Tools of Wave-Particle Dualism

Liudmila Borisovna Boldyreva

The aim of the work is to show that the study of following properties of electrons in atoms: stability of motion, the Pauli exclusion principle; the effect of electrons state (singlet or triplet) in hydrogen atoms on creating from them of the hydrogen molecule, - can be carried out based on concepts of classical mechanics (forces, moments). The contemporary investigation of topic “The Properties of Electrons in Atoms” is based on concepts of quantum mechanics, in particular on notions of electron wave function having probabilistic character. However, it is very difficult to perform the exact description of deterministic processes from the standpoint of probability theory. It has been proven in this work that description of properties of electrons in atom may be performed with using the concept of virtual photons created by the considered electrons. The concept of virtual photons was developed by Nobel Prize winner R. Feynman in 1949; one of the main properties of virtual photons is their ability to interact with each other by electric dipole interaction. The virtual photon is a unique object: except deterministic characteristic-(electric dipole moment) it has one of the attributes of wave function of the quantum object that created the virtual photon: the size of virtual photon equals the wavelength of this quantum object wave function. This is the reason why the description of properties of electrons in atom based on the concept of virtual photon created by atomic electrons is in accordance with some conclusions of quantum mechanical description of those properties.

Journal of Physics & Optics Sciences•Jun 27, 2025•0 citations

Spin Chains for Quantum Information Processing

Eduardo K. Soares

Classical computation relies heavily on information manipulation. Each component of a hardware needs to communicate with others, and this is done by encoding information into strings of bits and application of logical operations. When dealing with quantum technologies, there arises a new set of paradigms and devices, based on manipulations of qubits, the quantum analogues of conventional bits. This work investigates the generation and distribution of quantum entanglement, a uniquely non-classical correlation, across spin chains, which serve as promising platforms for quantum information processing. We systematically compare two distinct entanglement generation protocols: Protocol 1 (P1), based on alternating weak and strong couplings that create a band structure enabling an effective trimer-model approximation, and Protocol 2 (P2), which employs symmetric boundary couplings and virtual excitations to establish a direct effective interaction between the chain ends. Our results demonstrate that a protocol based on virtual excitations and optimized boundary couplings consistently outperforms its counterpart in speed, achieved entanglement, and robustness against fabrication imperfections and noise. Furthermore, by employing effective model reductions and open quantum systems techniques we provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the resilience of distributed entanglement in solid-state quantum devices. The characteristics of the virtual-coupling protocol highlight its potential for experimental implementation in scalable quantum technologies.

quant-pharXiv:2605.08402•May 12, 2026•0 citations

Optical simulation of quantum logic

Nicolas J. Cerf, Christoph Adami, Paul G. Kwiat

A constructive method for simulating small-scale quantum circuits by use of linear optical devices is presented. It relies on the representation of several quantum bits by a single photon, and on the implementation of universal quantum gates using simple optical components (beam splitters, phase shifters, etc.). This suggests that the optical realization of small quantum networks with present-day quantum optics technology is a reasonable goal. This technique could be useful for demonstrating basic concepts of simple quantum algorithms or error-correction schemes. The optical analog of a nontrivial three-bit quantum circuit is presented as an illustration.

arXiv:quant-ph/9706022•Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1998•323 citations
A method of creating all-optical devices for logic information processing is presented. The mechanism is based on virtual photon interaction in quantum field description, or dipole moment interaction in classical description. The device consists of two optical information bits channels and one optical bits channel of logic commands like AND, NOT, OR. A variety of logic operations can be achieved on one optical setup by polarization change of the logic bits which determines the logic commands. I present another application for the method as an information channels selector.
Nonlinear interactions between two photons are required for the construction of optical quantum logic gates, but those interactions are normally very weak due to the small magnitude of the electric field associated with a single photon. We note that exchange interactions can have a large effect even when there is no physical interaction between two particles, and we exploit this property for the construction of optical quantum logic gates. We show that the probability of there being two virtually-excited atoms in a medium can be a factor of 2 larger when two nonresonant photons propagate through the same medium as compared to the case in which they propagate through two separate media, in analogy with photon bunching. As a result, the application of one or more laser pulses will produce a nonlinear phase shift that can be used to construct an XOR quantum logic gate. This provides an example of a quantum control process in which one photon can control the state of another photon even when there is no sequence of physical interactions linking the two photons. From a classical point of view, it is not possible to identify a path for the flow of information or a specific cause for the outcome of the control process.
This paper presents a study of magneto-optical waveguide logic gates for optical communication systems. Simple logic operations are implemented by modulating photon states in a material through applied magnetic fields. By controlling the magnetic field's amplitude and orientation relative to light propagation, selecting polarizer/analyzer alignment, and configuring waveguides, we designed logic gates including qubit-compatible models that overcome the low coherence times typical of optical qubits. Optical qubits are promising candidates for quantum information processing and data transmission. For cryptographic applications using Vernam encryption, we developed an XOR logic gate simulator based on magneto-optical principles. Experimental validation employed ASCII encoding and text encryption/decryption algorithms, demonstrating successful cryptographic processing of confidential data over fiber-optic lines. The results show that magneto-optical qubit control mechanisms enable modeling diverse waveguide-based logic gates, including a half adder performing parallel XOR and AND operations. These devices facilitate novel information processing and transmission architectures.
The aim of the work is to show that the study of following properties of electrons in atoms: stability of motion, the Pauli exclusion principle; the effect of electrons state (singlet or triplet) in hydrogen atoms on creating from them of the hydrogen molecule, - can be carried out based on concepts of classical mechanics (forces, moments). The contemporary investigation of topic “The Properties of Electrons in Atoms” is based on concepts of quantum mechanics, in particular on notions of electron wave function having probabilistic character. However, it is very difficult to perform the exact description of deterministic processes from the standpoint of probability theory. It has been proven in this work that description of properties of electrons in atom may be performed with using the concept of virtual photons created by the considered electrons. The concept of virtual photons was developed by Nobel Prize winner R. Feynman in 1949; one of the main properties of virtual photons is their ability to interact with each other by electric dipole interaction. The virtual photon is a unique object: except deterministic characteristic-(electric dipole moment) it has one of the attributes of wave function of the quantum object that created the virtual photon: the size of virtual photon equals the wavelength of this quantum object wave function. This is the reason why the description of properties of electrons in atom based on the concept of virtual photon created by atomic electrons is in accordance with some conclusions of quantum mechanical description of those properties.
Classical computation relies heavily on information manipulation. Each component of a hardware needs to communicate with others, and this is done by encoding information into strings of bits and application of logical operations. When dealing with quantum technologies, there arises a new set of paradigms and devices, based on manipulations of qubits, the quantum analogues of conventional bits. This work investigates the generation and distribution of quantum entanglement, a uniquely non-classical correlation, across spin chains, which serve as promising platforms for quantum information processing. We systematically compare two distinct entanglement generation protocols: Protocol 1 (P1), based on alternating weak and strong couplings that create a band structure enabling an effective trimer-model approximation, and Protocol 2 (P2), which employs symmetric boundary couplings and virtual excitations to establish a direct effective interaction between the chain ends. Our results demonstrate that a protocol based on virtual excitations and optimized boundary couplings consistently outperforms its counterpart in speed, achieved entanglement, and robustness against fabrication imperfections and noise. Furthermore, by employing effective model reductions and open quantum systems techniques we provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the resilience of distributed entanglement in solid-state quantum devices. The characteristics of the virtual-coupling protocol highlight its potential for experimental implementation in scalable quantum technologies.
A constructive method for simulating small-scale quantum circuits by use of linear optical devices is presented. It relies on the representation of several quantum bits by a single photon, and on the implementation of universal quantum gates using simple optical components (beam splitters, phase shifters, etc.). This suggests that the optical realization of small quantum networks with present-day quantum optics technology is a reasonable goal. This technique could be useful for demonstrating basic concepts of simple quantum algorithms or error-correction schemes. The optical analog of a nontrivial three-bit quantum circuit is presented as an illustration.