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Physics Letters A

Absolute space-time and realism in Lorentz invariant interpretations of quantum mechanics

Marie-Christine Combourieu, Jean Pierre Vigier

Published Apr 1, 1993• 8 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(93)90619-b

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We have performed an experimental test under the conditions of which mechanics predicts a spatially-discontinuous single-particle transport. The transport is beyond the relativistic paradigm of movement in Cartesian space and therefore may well be nonlocal. Our test has demonstrated that such transport does exist. This fact opens the door for realistic interpretation of mechanics insofar as the requirement of Lorentz invariance appears inapplicable to any version of theory. Moreover, as mechanics proposes a particle dynamics beyond the relativity, it automatically requires an adequate quantum concept of spacetime, for which the relativistic concept is only a limiting case. The concept allows absolute simultaneity and hence revives the notion of absolute time. It also goes beyond the relativistic curvilinear Cartesian order of space to account for phenomena such as the discontinuity and the nonlocality in the spirit of Bohm's concept of the implicate order.
AbstractLoophole-free Bell experiments have conclusively demonstrated that non-local correlations are a fundamental property of physical reality. Within the Minkowskian framework of Special Relativity (SRT), the relativity of simultaneity renders the temporal ordering of spacelike-separated events inherently frame-dependent. This creates a conceptual inconsistency for any ontologically realist interpretation of quantum mechanics: if measurement outcomes correspond to objective physical events, then the absence of a preferred foliation leads unavoidably to contradictory causal histories or retrocausal influences. In this work, we formulate a Conditional No-Go Theorem showing that Ontological Realism, Linear Causality, and Fundamental Lorentz Invariance cannot all hold simultaneously. Preserving a coherent causal structure therefore requires relinquishing Lorentz invariance as a primitive spacetime symmetry. We propose Absolute Simultaneity Theory (AST), a framework in which Lorentz covariance emerges thermodynamically from a quantum vacuum treated as a structured medium in equilibrium. Drawing on analogies with condensed-matter systems—particularly Volovik’s superfluid vacuum paradigm—we show that a preferred rest frame, plausibly identified with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) frame, is fully compatible with the empirical success of SRT. In AST, local Lorentz symmetry arises as a stability condition of the underlying vacuum dynamics rather than as a fundamental geometric postulate. This reconceptualization allows quantum non-locality and relativistic kinematics to coexist within a unified, time-ordered ontology.
We examine a gedanken experiment described by Hardy, which purports to prove that the ``elements of reality'' corresponding to Lorentz-invariant observables cannot themselves be Lorentz invariant without violating quantum mechanics. We consider a number of criticisms of this proof and show that these criticisms are not convincing. We demonstrate that the contradiction, which arises in the gedanken experiment and forms the basis of Hardy's proof, has nothing to do with realism, but is a consequence of the well-known noncovariance of the reduction postulate. A reexamination of the gedanken experiment, using a more appropriate formalism, helps to clarify its implications. We conclude with a brief appraisal of realist interpretations of quantum mechanics in the relativistic domain.