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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Influence of the asymmetry of optical transitions in a three-level atom on the CPT-resonance

Anna V. Kuptsova

Published Sep 26, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The characteristics of CPT-resonance, i.e. its width, depth and contrast, are considered for the three-level Λ-atom interacting with two resonant monochromatic radiation fields. We develop the computer simulation to investigate the influence on these characteristics of the asymmetric properties of medium: inequality of the dipole moments and inequality of the relaxation rates of population. Both weak and strong radiation fields are considered. For the weak fields the inequality of the Rabi-frequencies is found to influence weakly or even not to influence on the CPT-resonance shape. For the strong fields we found the significant influence of the asymmetry on the shape. We conclude that the CPT-resonance in the strong fields can be utilized as a tool for measure of the optical transitions asymmetry. As an example of the real system interacting with two strong radiation fields we consider the characteristics of the CPT-resonance for the magnetic sublevels of states 6P1/2, 6P3/2 and 7S1/2 for Tl-atom.

DOI
10.1117/12.518607

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jun 4, 2002•0 citations
The characteristics of CPT-resonance, i.e. its width, depth and contrast, are considered for the three-level Λ-atom interacting with two resonant monochromatic radiation fields. We develop the computer simulation to investigate the influence on these characteristics of the asymmetric properties of medium: inequality of the dipole moments and inequality of the relaxation rates of population. Both weak and strong radiation fields are considered. For the weak fields the inequality of the Rabi-frequencies is found to influence weakly or even not to influence on the CPT-resonance shape. For the strong fields we found the significant influence of the asymmetry on the shape. We conclude that the CPT-resonance in the strong fields can be utilized as a tool for measure of the optical transitions asymmetry. As an example of the real system interacting with two strong radiation fields we consider the characteristics of the CPT-resonance for the magnetic sublevels of states 6P1/2, 6P3/2 and 7S1/2 for Tl-atom.
In our work we develop the computer analysis of the CPT-dip properties. We investigate the dependencies of CPT-dip width, depth and contrast on the radiation fields intensities and detunings, the magnetic fields strength, and the relaxation constants. CPT is observed in the population dynamics of two real three-level atomic systems. One of them is a (Lambda) - type system composed of the magnetic sublevels of 6P1/2, 6P3/2 and 7S1/2 states of Tl atom, the other one is a (Xi) -type system of the magnetic sublevels of 3S1/2, 3P3/2, 5S1/2 states of Na atom. The systems interact with two monochromatic laser fields and magnetic field, which is perpendicular to the laser propagation direction for the lambda-system and parallel for the (Xi) -system. On both cases polarization and mutual configurations of the fields are chosen specific, so that one can select the isolated three- level subsystems in multilevel atomic systems. We observe that the obtained dependencies are different from those in reference 1. It may be explained with non-equal Rabi frequencies and decay rates of neighboring transitions, which are the characteristic feature of real atoms.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
The dependence of the shape of resonances of coherent population trapping (CPT) on magnetic sublevels of thallium atoms, forming a generalized Λ-system with the magnetic sublevels of the fine-structure levels as lower ones, on the polarization of the radiation fields has been numerically studied. The cases of linear, elliptical, and circular polarizations have been considered. The shape and the number of CPT resonances for different polarizations have been compared. It has been concluded that the electromagnetically induced transparency can be changed by changing the polarization properties of the laser radiation. The possibility to decrease the number of observed resonances may be useful in high-resolution spectroscopy.
An asymmetry of the spectral characteristics of optical transitions influences strongly the nature of a coherent nonlinear interaction between a broad-band three-level absorber and a series of ultrashort pulses. It is predicted that the absorption of the field will be reduced substantially in a three-level medium with asymmetric 1–3, 2–3 transitions. It is shown that the strong asymmetry results in coherent bleaching of the medium even in the absence of a resonance between the low-frequency 1–2 transition and the pulse repetition frequency (also under the action of high-power single ultrashort pulses). There is a range of parameters where a resonant dependence of the absorbed power on the pulse repetition frequency is observed and this dependence is enhanced appreciably by increasing the asymmetry.
In our work we investigate the dependence of the CPT canyon width and depth on the radiation fields intensities fields intensities and detunings, the magnetic fields strength and the relaxation constants. We solve the problem of population dynamics for the system of 6P½ 6P3/2 and 7S½ levels of tallium, interacting with two linear polarized monochromatic laser fields and magnetic field, which is perpendicular to the laser propagation direction. Chosen configuration of E- and H-vectors permit us to separate three-level (Lambda) -type system of magnetic sublevels which is uncoupled by radiation fields with the other sublevels. The full set of density matrix equations is solved by a computer. We find the parameters values for which the canyon width is minimal and the depth is maximal. We show that the magnetic field breaks the conditions of equality of laser fields frequencies detunings for CPT. We observe the decreasing of canyon width and depth with increasing of the magnetic field.
The interaction of a two-level atom with two monochromatic electromagnetic fields having arbitrary amplitudes and resonance frequencies is considered. It is shown that the time averaged upper-level population can exceed 0.5 and even reach 0.7. Its dependence on the frequency difference reveals resonance satellite peaks, which are concerned with three- and five-photon combination scattering. The widths and the resonance spectrum shifts of these peaks are found. The frequency spectrum of the spontaneous emission of an atom contains fine structure under some conditions. This structure does not exist in the case of one monochromatic field. An asymmetry in the intensity distribution for the Rabi satellites due to a field non-monochromaticity is predicted.
The effect of coherent population trapping related to quantum interference of states now is well investigated for (Lambda) -systems in which the lower levels are generated by the hyperfine structure sublevels of the ground state of the atom. At present time the majority of experimental researches of resonances of CPT are made with alkaline atoms, for which hyperfine components of the ground state have typical interval of several gigahertz. We consider CPT in (Lambda) -systems in which the fine structure sublevels of the atom generate the lower levels. Our computer simulations have been made for the thallium atom for which the distance between sublevels of fine structure components is approximately 7792 cm-1. Theoretical and computer simulations of dynamics and dispersions of population of the considered multilevel system allow to detect new peculiarities of effect and demonstrate the influence of orientation and strength of magnetic field.