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Physical Review B

Quantum control with linear chirp in two-subband n -type doped quantum wells

Adriano A. Batista, David S. Citrin

Published Nov 13, 2006• 31 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We obtain pulse-driven population inversions in two-subband quantum wells (QW's) with a time-varying transition energy. We achieve this by using linearly chirped pulses with the center frequency given by a fit of the time-varying transition energy obtained from the effective nonlinear Bloch equations. The coherent population inversions (Rabi oscillations) are given for square QW's and for dc-biased square QW's. We further verify that the time-dependent polarization of the intersubband transitions can also be controlled.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.74.195318

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We obtain pulse-driven population inversions in two-subband quantum wells (QW's) with a time-varying transition energy. We achieve this by using linearly chirped pulses with the center frequency given by a fit of the time-varying transition energy obtained from the effective nonlinear Bloch equations. The coherent population inversions (Rabi oscillations) are given for square QW's and for dc-biased square QW's. We further verify that the time-dependent polarization of the intersubband transitions can also be controlled.
We obtain pulse-driven Rabi oscillations guided by a generalization of the rotating-wave approximation to include, in the optical-Bloch equations, two-level systems with a time-varying transition energy. We achieve this by using chirped pulses with the central frequency given by the time-varying transition energy. Using this approach, we predict Rabi oscillations in intersubband transitions in a two-subband n-type modulation-doped quantum well by taking into account the time-dependent intersubband energy-gap renormalization due to depolarization-shift effects. We obtain Rabi oscillations for jpi (j=0,1,2, ) pulses in the presence of dephasing.
We use chirped pulses to achieve substantial electron population transfer from the wider well to the narrower well of an nnn-type doped asymmetric double quantum well (QW). To realize this goal we are guided by a generalization of the rotating-wave approximation to include, in the optical-Bloch equations for three-subband QW's, a time-varying central frequency equal to the renormalized intersubband transition energy. The energy-gap renormalization in our model is due to depolarization-shift effects. The first pulse central frequency is near the time-varying renormalized ${ϵ}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{ϵ}_{0}$ gap, while the second pulse is near the renormalized ${ϵ}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{ϵ}_{1}$ gap. An upper-bound estimate of the Hartree-Fock corrections to these transition energies is given. We find out that for the QW structure and the sheet density used these corrections are small.
: We study the creation of high-efficiency controlled population transfer in intersubband transitions of semiconductor quantum wells. We give emphasis to the case of interaction of the semiconductor quantum well with electromagnetic pulses with a duration of few cycles and even a single cycle. We numerically solve the effective nonlinear Bloch equations for a specific double GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well structure, taking into account the ultrashort nature of the applied field, and show that high-efficiency population inversion is possible for specific pulse areas. The dependence of the efficiency of population transfer on the electron sheet density and the carrier envelope phase of the pulse is also explored. For electromagnetic pulses with a duration of several cycles, we find that the change in the electron sheet density leads to a very different response of the population in the two subbands to pulse area. However, for pulses with a duration equal to or shorter than 3 cycles, we show that efficient population transfer between the two subbands is possible, independent of the value of electron sheet density, if the pulse area is Π.
We study the interaction of chirped electromagnetic pulses with intersubband transitions of a double semiconductor quantum well. We consider the ground and first excited subbands and give emphasis to controlled intersubband population transfer. The system dynamics is described by the nonlinear density matrix equations that include the effects of electron-electron interactions. These equations are solved numerically for various values of the electron sheet density for a realistic double GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well, and the efficiency of population transfer is discussed.
We investigate the conduction intersubband linear response of a n-type quantum well driven by one or two infrared optical fields with arbitrary strengths. The fields couple the third subband to the second energy subband and the ground subband, forming a Λ system. We investigate the dependences of the absorption spectrum on the pump field strengths. The results for the equal Rabi frequencies can be understood in terms of quantum coherence processes of the intersubband transitions, such as coherent population trapping, and electromagnetically induced transparency. The effects of different Rabi frequencies on the absorption spectrum due to fields are also discussed.
We study quantum interference and nonlinear optical processes in the conduction band of an n-doped quantum well driven by one or two infrared fields. The fields couple a broad upper subband to a lower energy subband and the ground subband, forming a \ensuremath{\Lambda} configuration. We show, including the effect of electron-electron scattering and dynamic screening, that this configuration can lead to coherent control of the intersubband transitions, such as coherent population trapping. We also study quantum interference processes, such as laser-induced transparency and dark-line effects in the linear absorption and gain spectra of the system. The effects on these processes of differing field intensities and of electron-electron scattering are also discussed.