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Physical Review B

Influence of radiative coupling on coherent Rabi intersubband oscillations in multiple quantum wells

Inès Waldmueller, Weng W. Chow, Andreas Knorr

Published Jan 27, 2006• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The dependence of multiple quantum well intersubband Rabi oscillations on the radiative coupling between different quantum wells is investigated. We show that in a highly doped multiple quantum well sample, radiative coupling has a large impact on coherent density oscillations, even stronger than the impact of many-body effects. Specifically, radiative coupling can dominate nonlinear optical response, such as Rabi oscillations of subband populations, yielding distinctively different excitation behaviors in the different wells of a multiple quantum well sample. The magnitude of radiative coupling may be controlled by varying the angle of incidence of the external electric field.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.73.035433

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•Jan 1, 2002•0 citations
The dependence of multiple quantum well intersubband Rabi oscillations on the radiative coupling between different quantum wells is investigated. We show that in a highly doped multiple quantum well sample, radiative coupling has a large impact on coherent density oscillations, even stronger than the impact of many-body effects. Specifically, radiative coupling can dominate nonlinear optical response, such as Rabi oscillations of subband populations, yielding distinctively different excitation behaviors in the different wells of a multiple quantum well sample. The magnitude of radiative coupling may be controlled by varying the angle of incidence of the external electric field.
Radiative coupling of resonantly excited intersubband transitions in GaAs∕AlGaAs\mathrm{Ga}\mathrm{As}∕\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{Ga}\mathrm{As}GaAs∕AlGaAs multiple quantum wells can have a strong impact on the coherent nonlinear optical response, as is shown by phase and amplitude resolved propagation studies of ultrashort electric field transients. Upon increasing the driving field amplitude, strong radiative coupling leads to a pronounced self-induced absorption, followed by a bleaching due to the onset of delayed Rabi oscillations. A many-particle theory including light propagation effects accounts fully for the experimental results.
We investigate intersubband Rabi flopping in modulation-doped semiconductor quantum wells with and without the propagation effects, respectively.It is shown that propagation effects have a larger impact on Rabi flopping than the nonlinearities rooted from electron-electron interactions in multiple quantum wells.By using ultrashort π pulses, an almost complete population inversion exists if the propagation effects are not considered; while no complete population inversion occurs in the presence of propagation effects.Furthermore, the magnitude of the impact of propagation effects may be controlled by varying the carrier density.
Exciton Rabi oscillations and Rabi splitting differ significantly from their atomic counterparts in part because Coulomb interactions between excitons strongly influence the exciton Rabi frequency.' While both exciton Rabi oscillations and Rabi splitting were demonstrated recently in quantum wells (QWs),'.l experimental investigation of how exciton-exciton interactions affect these coherent optical Q~OCCSS~S has been hindered bya number of complications. In time-domain studies, the Rabi frequencyvaries with time due to the changing electric field strength. In typ ical spectral domain studies, a spectrally-broad probe pulse is spectrally resolved after its transmission through the sample. The resulting pump-probe spectra are difficult to interpret due to the presence of coherent spectral oscillations and a sensitive dependence on the pump-probe delay. In this paper we report studies of exciton Rabi splitting where spectrally narrow pump and probe pulses were used. In this case, coherent spectral oscillations in pump-probe spectra can be avoided by tuning the central frequency of the probe pulse. The intensity dependence of the Rabi splitting obtained from these studies reveals a distinctly nonlinear relationship between the Rabi frequency and the applied electric field, in contrast to the linear dependence expected from mean-field bed theoretical models.' Pump-probe experiments were performed on a 130 A GaAs1AlGa.k multiple QW sample at 10 K. Figure I shows results of pump-probe meas