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Chinese Physics Letters

Local Modulation of Double Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Spectrum

Hou Bang-pin, Shun-Jin Wang, Yu Wan‐Lun, Sun Wei-Li

Published Aug 23, 2007• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The double electromagnetically induced transparency induced by two coupling fields can be realized in a four-level tripod-type atom. Such double transparency spectra can be locally modulated by using the weak coherent fields to perturb the coupling transitions. These investigations within this scheme can be independent of Doppler broadening by properly orienting these fields.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/24/9/032

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Physica Scripta•Sep 17, 2026•0 citations
The double electromagnetically induced transparency induced by two coupling fields can be realized in a four-level tripod-type atom. Such double transparency spectra can be locally modulated by using the weak coherent fields to perturb the coupling transitions. These investigations within this scheme can be independent of Doppler broadening by properly orienting these fields.
This study demonstrates that tripod atom-field electronic structure can yield rich electromagnetically induced transparency phenomena, even at room temperature. In particular, we introduce double double electromagnetically induced transparency (DDEIT), wherein signal and probe fields each have two transparency windows. Their group velocities can be matched in either the first or second pair of transparency windows. Moreover, signal and probe fields can each experience coherent Raman gain in the second transparency window. Our investigation has demonstrated that the self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM) vanish at the center of two transparency windows for resonant coupling field. However, the values of the XPM and SPM in the region of the second EIT window are improved by a factor of 100010001000 compared to their values in the region of the first EIT window under the same conditions, and have non-zero values at the center of the second EIT window for nonresonant coupling field. Additionally, we derive an analytical solution for the wave equation describing the propagation of the probe field whose amplitude-envelope function is described by the fundamental mode Laguerre-Gaussian function. Our solution exhibits that the group velocity of the probe field reduces as the field propagates through the medium. The group velocity reduction is a consequence of spatially-varying susceptibility. The variation of the susceptibility is established by employing signal field whose amplitude-envelope functions is also described by the fundamental mode Laguerre-Gaussian function. For Doppler-broadened media, we devise a scheme to control and reduce the probe-field group velocity at the center of the second transparency window. We derive numerical and approximate analytical solutions for the width of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows and for the group velocities of the probe field at the two distinct transparency windows, and we show that the group velocities of the probe field can be lowered by judiciously choosing the physical parameters of the system. Our modeling enables us to identify three signal-field strength regimes quantified by the Rabi frequency, for slowing the probe field. Our scheme exploits the fact that the second transparency window is sensitive to a temperature-controlled signal-field nonlinearity, whereas the first transparency window is insensitive to this nonlinearity.
If a coherent perturbation field is used to couple the excited level of the coupling transition in the five-level K-type atom with another higher excited level, the two-photon electromagnetically induced transparency can be locally modulated by altering the parameters of the additional perturbation field. With different detunings of the coherent perturbation field, the absorption peak or transparency window with sharp and high-contrast spectral feature can be generated in the two-photon absorption spectrum. The physical interpretation of these phenomena is given in terms of the dressed states.
The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon in a four level atomic system with tripod configuration is studied. The results show that this configuration is equivalent to the combination of two single three-level ΛΛΛ configurations, which, under certain conditions, results in the so-called double-EIT (DEIT) phenomenon. The properties of the double transparency windows for DEIT are discussed in detail and the possible experimental scheme is proposed.
We investigate the nonlinear optical susceptibility of an alkali-metal atom with tripod electronic configuration responsible for generating cross-phase modulation and self-phase modulation under the condition of double-double electromagnetically induced transparency. Our investigation demonstrates an enhancement in the nonlinear optical susceptibility of an alkali-metal atom by a factor of 1000 in the region of the second transparency window. This enhancement is in comparison with the atom's susceptibility in the first transparency window for the same parameters under the same conditions. Nonlinear-absorption enhancement arises by canceling Raman-gain generation, which arises when the probe and signal fields have equal intensities. At the center of the second transparency window, we obtain the condition required to attain a nonvanishing nonlinear optical susceptibility. In the bare-state picture, the coupling field must be off resonant from a bare-to-bare-state transition, while working in the semiclassical dressed picture required the signal field to be tuned off resonantly with a bare-to-dressed-state transition. The relation that governs the values of coupling- and signal-field detuning are also obtained. Our scheme exhibits the fact that the second transparency window has advantages over the first transparency window with respect to obtaining an enhanced Kerr effect, and our calculation includes simulation of both low-temperature and Doppler-broadened regimes.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in five-level atomic systems is theoretically investigated for three representative configurations: M-, inverted-Y, and K-type systems driven by a weak probe field and three control laser fields. The different coupling schemes produce different quantum interference pathways and two-photon resonance conditions, leading to markedly different EIT spectra. The M-type configuration exhibits one, two, and three well-resolved transparency windows as successive control fields are introduced. In contrast, the inverted-Y configuration produces broader transparency windows because of the overlap of multiple interference channels, whereas the K-type configuration exhibits only a single EIT window when all control fields are resonant. Multiple transparency windows in the K-type system appear after introducing appropriate coupling-field detunings. Doppler broadening at room temperature significantly broadens the absorption spectrum and reduces the transparency depth, while preserving the number and positions of the EIT windows. These results demonstrate that the coupling scheme plays an important role in determining the formation and evolution of multi-window EIT spectra and identify the characteristics of the three five-level configurations for multi-channel quantum-optical applications, as well as for the experimental observation of EIT spectra in five-level configurations.