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physica status solidi (b)

Resonatorless Optical Bistability Based on Increasing Nonlinear Absorption

F. Hennebeger, H. Rossmann

Published Feb 1, 1984• 74 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A new type of optical bistability is presented. Instead of a resonator the intrinsic feedback between the optical excitation of carriers and their recombination is used. Optical bistability appears, if the absorption coefficient increases with growing carrier density. Both propagation effects and carrier diffusion are considered. Analytical model calculations are carried out for an abrupt behaviour of the absorption coefficient. The results explain the hysteresis in the transmittivity of CdS, recently observed.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221210227

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physica status solidi (b)•Mar 1, 1988•5 citations
Abstract A new type of optical bistability is presented. Instead of a resonator the intrinsic feedback between the optical excitation of carriers and their recombination is used. Optical bistability appears, if the absorption coefficient increases with growing carrier density. Both propagation effects and carrier diffusion are considered. Analytical model calculations are carried out for an abrupt behaviour of the absorption coefficient. The results explain the hysteresis in the transmittivity of CdS, recently observed.
Optical bistability in the presence of an optically induced absorption is observed when a thin 13-μm CdS sample is inserted between two mirrors of 90 % reflectivity, in our experiment, a modulated cw laser of ~15-mW peak power is tuned on each side of the free exciton resonance in CdS, and the transmission characteristics are studied. A theoretical calculation including both absorptive and dispersive effects is presented and good agreement is obtained. The absorption coefficient and the index of refraction of the material are connected by Kramers-Kronig relations. Propagation effects are taken into account. Sufficiently long pulses (40 ms) are considered to allow the thermally induced absorption to occur. For detunings above the free exciton resonance, we predict that counterclockwise hysteresis loops will first be observed as the intensity rises; for detunings below the free exciton resonance, only clockwise hysteresis loops are predicted. These predictions were experimentally verified. Power levels of the order of 5–10 mW were sufficient to observe bistability. Cavity effects were also observed.
Self-defocusing of ordinary and extraordinary laser beams have been investigated in cadmium sulfide semiconductors in the near-band-edge absorption region. First it has been shown experimentally, that effects of the anisotropy nonlinear refraction induced by charge carriers created by single photon absorption is described whole set components of the third order nonlinear susceptibility tensor. New type of transverse optical bistability with increased amout of feedback due to nonlinear anisotropy was demonstrated.
Abstract The influence of sample thickness and carrier surface recombination on the characteristics of resonatorless dissipative optical bistability (RDOB) is investigated. The RDOB under consideration is caused by the excitation density nonlinearities of band‐edge absorption of laser radiation in semiconductors. The diversity of multivalued spatial carrier distributions in the sample of thickness d with arbitrary velocity of surface recombination S are considered. It is established that strong recombination can considerably affect the structure and properties of possible carrier distributions and hysteresis of the transmission.