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Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Optical bistability in periodically poled induced by cascaded second-order non-linearity and the electro-optic effect

Yi-qiang Qin, Yong‐yuan Zhu, Shining N. Zhu, Nai‐Ben Ming

Published Oct 12, 1998• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report our theoretical studies on optical bistability in a periodically poled crystal. The optical resonance and the non-linearity essential for bistability are induced by the electro-optic effect and the cascaded effect, respectively. It is found that the threshold for bistability is much lower than those based on the traditional periodically layered structure.

DOI
10.1088/0953-8984/10/40/002

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We report our theoretical studies on optical bistability in a periodically poled crystal. The optical resonance and the non-linearity essential for bistability are induced by the electro-optic effect and the cascaded effect, respectively. It is found that the threshold for bistability is much lower than those based on the traditional periodically layered structure.
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The authors study analytically and numerically the effect of a periodic perturbation in the index of refraction of a nonlinear optical medium. Using a one-dimensional model for monochromatic waves incident on the medium, they find that near resonance between the perturbation and the modulation of the electric field there can be a significant enhancement of optical bistability in the low intensity regime. In particular, they discuss in detail the case of the primary resonance, which is responsible for the most significant effects, and show how one can optimize the bistability curve for the implementation of an optical switch, based on the information provided by the resonance structure.
We study the optical bistable properties in one-dimensional photonic crystal with symmetric structure (AB)N(D)M(BA)N, where A is high refractive index medium, B is low refractive index medium, D is defect layer, N is the number of layer periods at the left and right of the defect layer. M determines the thickness of the defect layer with Kerr medium. First, we analyze mechanisms producing bistability by the structure consisted of a nonlinear layer sandwiched between Bragg reflectors. Then by using the transfer matrix method, we calculate numerically the threshold value of the bistability switching in one-dimensional photonic crystals with structure (AB)N(D)M(BA)N. The investigations show that the number of layer periods (N) and the thickness of the defect layer (M) influence the threshold value of the bistability switching. We confirm the parameter of the bistability switching to produce the lower threshold value.