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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Spatial Four Wave Mixing, Probe Images, and Fluorescence Signals in Dressed Three-Level System

Huayan Lan, Jia Sun, Zhenkun Wu, Dan Zhang, Yiqi Zhang, Huaibin Zheng, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Oct 4, 2013• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the spatial images of the probe, generated four wave mixing (FWM) signal and the accompanying fluorescence spectrum signal simultaneously in FWM process in a cascade three-level atomic system for the first time. We experimentally observe and theoretically investigate the three spectrum signals versus the probe field as well as the dressing field frequency detunings. Utilizing the experimental results of spectrum signals, the cross phase modulation and the relative position between the weak and strong beams, we analyze the characteristics indicated in the spatial images of probe transmission and FWM, such as focusing or defocusing, shift and splitting in detail. Such studies can be used in all-optical controlled spatial signal transmission.

DOI
10.7566/jpsj.82.104401

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In two-level as well as V-type three-level atomic systems, we study probe transmission, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals with dressing effect experimentally and theoretically. We find both the hyperfine structure (at the same energy level) and the transition dipole moment (at different energy levels) can affect the dressing effect. We also experimentally investigate that angle-control dynamics in the nonlinear propagation of the images of the probe and generated FWM in two-level atomic systems, and find that the focusing and defocusing of probe beam and FWM signals can be greatly affected by the angles between dressing fields.
We mainly investigate four generated four-wave-mixing (FWM) signals, and second- and fourth-order fluorescence (FL) signals, simultaneously in a cascade three-level atomic system of sodium, in which dual electromagnetically induced transparency windows are used to enable transparency of the generated FWM signals. The moving and immobile two-photon dressing effects on the FWM and multi-order FL signals as well as the interaction of dressing effects are studied. Furthermore, we investigate the spontaneous parametric FWM signal and spatial images of the transmitted probe signal modulated by the cross-Kerr nonlinearities effect of the dressing field both experimentally and theoretically. The study may find applications in all-optical communication.
We experimentally report that angle-control dynamics in the nonlinear propagation of the images of the probe, generated four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals beams in FWM process in a cascade three-level, as well as a two-level atomic systems. It is shown that, by changing the angles between pumping fields and dressing fields, respectively, the characteristics of the measured signals including the spectra intensity and spatial images can be controlled to display many effects, including the electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption (EIT and EIA, respectively) and Autler-Townes splitting. In particular, we demonstrate the angle-controlled switching from EIA to EIT in probe transmission or from enhancement to suppression in FWM signal. Additionally, we also illustrate the interaction between spatial characteristics and spectra intensities of weak fields. The studies can be very useful in producing all optical-signal-processing devices, such as spatial beam splitters, routers, and switches.
We investigate the interplay between the two components of the four-wave mixing (FWM) beams in a ladder-type three-level atomic system. The interplay, including the shift and splitting of the two FWM beams and their intensity modulation, depends on the frequency detuning and the angles as well as the powers of the pump fields. The x-directional splitting due to the cross-phase modulation and y-directional splitting because of electromagnetically induced gratings of FWM beams are investigated. Both the theoretical and experimental results exhibit that the spatial separation and the number of the FWM signals can be well controlled by additional dressing laser beams. Such studies not only can be very useful in better understanding the formation of spatial solitons but also have potential applications in signal processing.
We experimentally report on the evolution from singly-dressed to doubly-dressed four-wave mixing (FWM) process by controlling the powers of the probe, the pump and the dressing fields respectively. The differences in the enhancement and the suppression of FWM signal between the two-level and cascade three-level atomic systems are observed and explained by the multi-dressed effect theoretically. Both the x direction and the y direction spatial splittings of the degenerate-FWM (DWFM) beams are obtained. We also investigate the switch between the enhancement and the suppression of the DWFM signals and between its spatial splittings in x direction and y direction. The spatial splittings in x direction and y direction can be controlled by the relative position and the intensity of the involved laser beams. Such a study can be useful for optimizing the efficiency of the FWM process and providing potential applications in spatial signal processing.