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Chinese Science Bulletin

Improved eavesdropping detection strategy based on four-particle cluster state in quantum direct communication protocol

Jian Li, Haifei Jin, Bo Jing

Published Nov 19, 2012• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In order to improve the eavesdropping detection efficiency in a two-step quantum direct communication protocol, an improved eavesdropping detection strategy using the four-particle cluster state is proposed, in which the four-particle cluster state is used to detect eavesdroppers. During the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and two detection strategies are compared quantitatively using the constraint between the information that the eavesdropper can obtain and the interference that has been introduced. If the eavesdroppers intend to obtain all information, the eavesdropping detection rate of the original two-step quantum direct communication protocol using EPR pair block as detection particles will be 50%; while the proposed strategy’s detection rate will be 75%. In the end, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. The analysis results show that the eavesdropping detection strategy presented is more secure.

DOI
10.1007/s11434-012-5516-1

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In order to improve the eavesdropping detection efficiency in a two-step quantum direct communication protocol, an improved eavesdropping detection strategy using the four-particle cluster state is proposed, in which the four-particle cluster state is used to detect eavesdroppers. During the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and two detection strategies are compared quantitatively using the constraint between the information that the eavesdropper can obtain and the interference that has been introduced. If the eavesdroppers intend to obtain all information, the eavesdropping detection rate of the original two-step quantum direct communication protocol using EPR pair block as detection particles will be 50%; while the proposed strategy’s detection rate will be 75%. In the end, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. The analysis results show that the eavesdropping detection strategy presented is more secure.
To enhance the efficiency of eavesdropping detection in the quantum secure direct communication protocol, an improved quantum secure direct communication protocol based on a four-particle Green-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state is presented. In the protocol, the four-particle GHZ state is used to detect eavesdroppers, and quantum dense coding is used to encode the message. In the security analysis, the method of entropy theory is introduced, and two detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information that the eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference that has been introduced. If the eavesdropper wants to obtain all the information, the detection rate of the quantum secure direct communication using an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair block will be 50% and the detection rate of the presented protocol will be 87%. At last, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. The analysis results indicate that the protocol proposed is more secure than the others
To enhance the efficiency of eavesdropping detection in quantum secure direct communication, a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on six-qubit cluster state is proposed. In the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced. If the eavesdropper obtains the same amount of information, she must face a larger detection probability in the presented scheme than the other two, and if obtains the whole information, the detection rate of the PingPong protocol is 50%; the second protocol which used two particles of EPR pair as detection particles is also 50%; while the presented protocol is 94%. At last, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. The analysis results indicate that the protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.
We propose a quantum secure direct communication protocol utilizing four-qubit cluster state to enhance the efficiency of eavesdropping detection. In the security analysis, by applying the method of the entropy theory, we contrast our scheme to another two strategies, the Ping-pong protocol and the protocol using two particles of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair as detection particles. The comparison results show that if the eavesdropper obtains the same amount of information, the presented quantum protocol strategy will have a larger detection probability than the other two. At last, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. The analysis results indicate that the protocol in this paper is more secure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
To enhance the efficiency of eavesdropping detection in quantum secure direct communication, a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on six-qubit cluster state is proposed. In the security analysis, the method of the entropy theory is introduced, and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced. If the eavesdropper obtains the same amount of information, she must face a larger detection probability in the presented scheme than the other two, and if obtains the whole information, the detection rate of the PingPong protocol is 50%; the second protocol which used two particles of EPR pair as detection particles is also 50%; while the presented protocol is 94%. At last, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed. The analysis results indicate that the protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.
In order to transmit secure messages, a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on a five-particle cluster state and classical XOR operation is presented. The five-particle cluster state is used to detect eavesdroppers, and the classical XOR operation serving as a one-time-pad is used to ensure the security of the protocol. In the security analysis, the entropy theory method is introduced, and three detection strategies are compared quantitatively by using the constraint between the information that the eavesdroppers can obtain and the interference introduced. If the eavesdroppers intend to obtain all the information, the detection rate of the original ping-pong protocol is 50%; the second protocol, using two particles of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair as detection particles, is also 50%; while the presented protocol is 89%. Finally, the security of the proposed protocol is discussed, and the analysis results indicate that the protocol in this paper is more secure than the other two.
Detection efficiency of a quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol is crucial. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the security of these protocols on the basis of new detection strategies. In this paper, a new strategy based on the five-particle cluster state is proposed, and applied to the two-step QSDC protocol. Moreover, information theoretical method and numerical analysis is applied to analyze the security of the improved protocol. If Eve intends to eavesdrop all of the information, the probability of being detected reaches up to 7/8, whereas the same is 0.5 in the original protocol. It is concluded that using the new detection strategy in the two-step QSDC protocol is more secure than using the original protocol when the quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is considered.