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Laser Physics Letters

Frequency correlated biphoton spectroscopy using tunable upconversion detector

Oliver Slattery, Lijun Ma, Paulina S. Kuo, Yong‐Su Kim, Xiao Hong Tang

Published May 21, 2013• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a scheme for frequency correlated biphoton spectroscopy using a strongly non-degenerate downconversion source and a tunable upconversion detector. In this scheme, the spectral function at one wavelength range of a remote object can be reproduced by locally measuring another wavelength range using an upconversion detector and monitoring the coincidence counts. The spectral resolution of the system is better than 0.1 nm, corresponding to the acceptance width of the upconversion detector, while the measurement range is determined by the linewidth of the source.

DOI
10.1088/1612-2011/10/7/075201

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We demonstrate a scheme for frequency correlated biphoton spectroscopy using a strongly non-degenerate downconversion source and a tunable upconversion detector. In this scheme, the spectral function at one wavelength range of a remote object can be reproduced by locally measuring another wavelength range using an upconversion detector and monitoring the coincidence counts. The spectral resolution of the system is better than 0.1 nm, corresponding to the acceptance width of the upconversion detector, while the measurement range is determined by the linewidth of the source.
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Abstract Quantum-entangled two-photon fields (biphotons) are attracting increasing interest in practical applications based on high photon correlation. Using a tunable fiber optic biphoton source, it was demonstrated that the performance of a quantum optical system at various wavelengths can be evaluated by correlation measurements. It was established that the results of such measurements, particularly those related to the efficiency of the detectors used, depend significantly on the optical losses in the system.
We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the joint spectrum of photon pairs via Fourier spectroscopy. The biphoton spectral intensity is computed from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I downconversion source using a pair of common-path Mach-Zender interferometers based on Soleil compensators. The experimental results agree well with calculated frequency correlations that take into account the effects of coupling into single-mode fibers. The Fourier method is advantageous over scanning spectrometry when detectors exhibit high dark count rates leading to dominant additive noise.
We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the joint spectrum of photon pairs via Fourier spectroscopy. The biphoton spectral intensity is computed from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I downconversion source using a pair of common-path Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on Soleil compensators. The experimental results agree well with calculated frequency correlations that take into account the effects of coupling into single-mode fibers. The Fourier method is advantageous over scanning spectrometry when detectors exhibit high dark count rates leading to dominant additive noise.
We introduce a simple approach for a tunable upconversion detector. This scheme is relevant for both single photon detection or anywhere where low light levels at telecom wavelengths need to be detected with a high degree of temporal resolution or where high count rates are desired. A system combining a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide for the nonlinear wavelength conversion and a low jitter silicon avalanche photodiode is used in conjunction with a tunable pump source. We report more than a tenfold increase in the detectable bandwidth using this tuning scheme.
Nonlinear spectroscopy with quantum entangled photons is an emerging field of research that holds the promise to achieve superior signal-to-noise ratio and effectively isolate many-body interactions. Photon sources used for this purpose, however, lack the frequency tunability and spectral bandwidth demanded by contemporary molecular materials. Here, we present design strategies for efficient spontaneous parametric downconversion to generate biphoton states with adequate spectral bandwidth and at visible wavelengths. Importantly, we demonstrate, by suitable design of the nonlinear optical interaction, the scope to engineer the degree of spectral correlations between the photons of the pair. We also present an experimental methodology to effectively characterize such spectral correlations. Importantly, we believe that such a characterization tool can be effectively adapted as a spectroscopy platform to optically probe system-bath interactions in materials.