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arXiv:quant-ph/0512039 · Optics Letters

Joint spectrum of photon pairs measured by coincidence Fourier spectroscopy

Wojciech Wasilewski, Piotr Wasylczyk, Piotr Leszek Kolenderski, Konrad Banaszek, Czesław Radzewicz

Published Mar 29, 2006• 59 citations
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Abstract

We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the joint spectrum of photon pairs via Fourier spectroscopy. The biphoton spectral intensity is computed from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I downconversion source using a pair of common-path Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on Soleil compensators. The experimental results agree well with calculated frequency correlations that take into account the effects of coupling into single-mode fibers. The Fourier method is advantageous over scanning spectrometry when detectors exhibit high dark count rates leading to dominant additive noise.

DOI
10.1364/ol.31.001130

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We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the joint spectrum of photon pairs via Fourier spectroscopy. The biphoton spectral intensity is computed from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I downconversion source using a pair of common-path Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on Soleil compensators. The experimental results agree well with calculated frequency correlations that take into account the effects of coupling into single-mode fibers. The Fourier method is advantageous over scanning spectrometry when detectors exhibit high dark count rates leading to dominant additive noise.
We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the joint spectrum of photon pairs via Fourier spectroscopy. The biphoton spectral intensity is computed from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I downconversion source using a pair of common-path Mach-Zender interferometers based on Soleil compensators. The experimental results agree well with calculated frequency correlations that take into account the effects of coupling into single-mode fibers. The Fourier method is advantageous over scanning spectrometry when detectors exhibit high dark count rates leading to dominant additive noise.
We propose and demonstrate a method for measuring the spectral density matrix of a single photon pulse. The method is based on registering Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between a photon to be measured and a pair of attenuated and suitably delayed laser pulses described by a known spectral amplitude. The density matrix is retrieved from a two-dimensional interferogram of coincidence counts. The method has been implemented for a type-I down-conversion source, pumped by ultrashort laser pulses. The experimental results agree well with a theoretical model which takes into account the temporal as well as spatial effects in the source.
The spectral distribution of photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) is one of the most exploited degrees of freedom in multiphoton experiments. Consequently, the characterization of such correlations is, without a doubt, a task of utmost importance. Common methods for measuring the joint spectral intensity (JSI) of correlated photon pairs often exhibit several drawbacks, such as the requirement for a bright source to offset high losses or the need for two-dimensional measurements, which can lead to prolonged acquisition times. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a technique that allows for the reconstruction of the JSI from a single interferometric measurement, thus reducing the dimensionality of the problem. The reconstructed JSIs show good agreement with those obtained directly through a fiber spectrometer, confirming the effectiveness of our approach. This technique significantly enhances the efficiency of JSI characterization, offering a resource-efficient method for quantum state characterization in SPDC-based experiments.
Abstract We report an experimental implementation of linear absorption spectroscopy using a fiber source of frequency-correlated photon pairs. The object under study is illuminated by a signal beam of a photon pair entangled in frequency. Due to the tight correlation of entangled photons, the absorption spectrum of the object can be measured from the idler beam, counting coincidences in both channels. The main advantages of ghost optics are analyzed, including significant noise reduction due to detecting only paired coincidences and cutting off all single background photons, as well as the potential sensitivity of studying samples, which is especially important when working with biological objects.
We experimentally demonstrate a simple method to measure the biphoton joint spectrum by mapping the spectral information onto the temporal domain using a dispersive medium. Various top-hat spectral filters are used to limit the spectral (and hence, temporal) extent of the broadband downconversion photons measured. The sharp edges of the spectral filters are utilized as spectral markers for dispersion characterization of the dispersive medium. This method allows dispersion characterization and joint spectral measurement to be completed simultaneously. The joint spectrum (which extends beyond 100 nm, centered about 1.5 micron) of the type-II downconverted photon pairs generated from a poled optical fiber is obtained with this method.
The ability to determine the joint spectral properties of photon pairs produced by the processes of spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) and spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) is crucial for guaranteeing the usability of heralded single photons and polarization-entangled pairs for multi-photon protocols. In this paper, we compare six different techniques that yield either a characterization of the joint spectral intensity or of the closely related purity of heralded single photons. These six techniques include: (i) scanning monochromator measurements, (ii) a variant of Fourier transform spectroscopy designed to extract the desired information exploiting a resource-optimized technique, (iii) dispersive fibre spectroscopy, (iv) stimulated-emission-based measurement, (v) measurement of the second-order correlation function g(2) for one of the two photons, and (vi) two-source Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometry. We discuss the relative performance of these techniques for the specific cases of a SPDC source designed to be factorable and SFWM sources of varying purity, and compare the techniques’ relative advantages and disadvantages.