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Observation of group delay in optical fiber resonator

Nan Wang, Yundong Zhang, Xuenan Zhang, Jing Zhang, He Tian, Jinfang Wang, Ping Yuan

Published Aug 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We observed the Coupled-resonator-induced transparency phenomenon in coupled fiber resonators. At the center of the induced transparency window, where 68% of the input pulse is transmitted, we got 20.3 ns group delay in coupled fiber resonators.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2009.5292505

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We performed optical pulse propagation experiments in a system in which two ultrahigh-Q silica microspheres of different diameters were coupled in tandem to a fiber taper to yield coupled-resonator-induced transparency. Nearly Gaussian-shaped optical pulses propagated with a large positive delay of 8.5 ns through a transparent frequency window, without significant attenuation, amplification, or pulse deformation, demonstrating classical analogy of the extremely slow light obtained with electromagnetically induced transparency.
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Since the proposition of D.D. Smith et al. [Phys. Rev. A 69 pp. 063804, 2004], the experimental demonstration of coupled resonator induced transparency has been made using passive fiber or whispering-gallery-mode microspheres. These demonstrations show that it is possible to integrate delay lines using high quality resonators. The maximal group delay that it can be introduced depends mainly on the relative value of the intrinsic losses with respect to the value of the coupling between the resonators. In this paper we experimentally show that the limit given by the intrinsic losses of the resonators can be circumvented by using active resonators. Our experimental setup consists in two coupled Er3+ doped fiber resonators. Each resonator can be pumped independently. Consequently, the values of the residual losses in the two resonators can also be modified independently. We then show that the transparency of the coupled resonators can be maximized using the right pumping rate in each resonator. By inserting this device into one arm of a fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer we are able to optically measure the phase shift produced by the coupled resonators as a function of the optical frequency. The group delay can be deduced from this information.