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Physical Review A

Perturbing an electromagnetic induced transparency within an inhomogeneously broadened transition

Eric Wilson, Neil B. Manson, C. Wei

Published Feb 25, 2003• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper reports on the effect a perturbing field on an electromagnetically induced transparency. The studies involve inhomogeneously broadened spin transitions of a nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond and it is observed that the transparency is unaffected, destroyed or split depending on how the perturbing field is coupled to the system. The observations are explained in terms of doubly driven inhomogeneously broadened 4-level systems.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.67.023812

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This paper reports on the effect a perturbing field on an electromagnetically induced transparency. The studies involve inhomogeneously broadened spin transitions of a nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond and it is observed that the transparency is unaffected, destroyed or split depending on how the perturbing field is coupled to the system. The observations are explained in terms of doubly driven inhomogeneously broadened 4-level systems.
Using electron-spin-resonance transitions within the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, we have obtained a sharp electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) feature when the coupling and probing fields satisfy a two-photon resonance condition. In this paper it is shown that by the application of an additional driving field the sharp EIT feature can be split into a doublet or a triplet depending on the experimental configuration. The results are interpreted in terms of dynamic Stark splitting of the EIT feature, and the spectra are shown to be related to Autler-Townes and Mollow spectra.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has often been proposed for generating nonlinear optical effects at the single photon level; in particular, as a means to effect a quantum non-demolition measurement of a single-photon field. Previous treatments have usually considered homogeneously broadened samples, but realizations in any medium will have to contend with inhomogeneous broadening. Here we reappraise an earlier scheme (Munro et al 2005 Phys. Rev. A 71 033819) with respect to inhomogeneities and show an alternative mode of operation that is preferred in an inhomogeneous environment. We further show the implications of these results on a potential implementation in diamond-containing nitrogen-vacancy colour centres.
We study, theoretically and experimentally, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in two different solid-state systems. Unlike many implementations in homogeneously broadened media, these systems exhibit inhomogeneous broadening of their optical and spin transitions typical of solid-state materials. We observe EIT lineshapes typical of atomic gases, including a crossover into the regime of Autler-Townes splitting, but with the substitution of the inhomogeneous widths for the homogeneous values. We obtain quantitative agreement between experiment and theory for the width of the transparency feature over a range of optical powers and inhomogeneous linewidths. We discuss regimes over which analytical and numerical treatments capture the behavior. As solid-state systems become increasingly important for scalable and integratable quantum optical and photonic devices, it is vital to understand the effects of the inhomogeneous broadening that is ubiquitous in these systems. The treatment presented here can be applied to a variety of systems, as exemplified by the common scaling of experimental results from two different systems.
Summary form only given. We study interference between electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) features in the radio frequency region of the spectrum associated with an electron spin resonance in the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Measurements are made using a coherent optical detection technique. Two EIT features can be induced in a single absorption band by two coupling fields at different frequencies. The frequencies of each features can be adjusted by varying the frequency of the coupling field and in the work the frequencies are adjusted so that the EIT features are in near coincidence.
The effect a perturbing field has on an electromagnetically induced transparency within a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system is presented. The perturbing field is applied resonant between one of the lower levels of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system and a fourth level. The electromagnetically induced transparency feature is split and this is measured experimentally for both single and bichromatic driving fields. In the single-driving-field case a density matrix treatment is shown to be in reasonable agreement with experiment and in both single and bichromatic cases the structure in the spectrum can be explained using a dressed-state analysis.