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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Interaction of nonequilibrium phonons with different types of optically excited impurity centers

V. N. Lisin, В. А. Зуйков, Шегеда Анатолий Михайлович

Published Nov 15, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It is studied the mechanism of an impurity optical frequencies shift by the heat ballistic phonons in ruby. The photon echo is used as phonon detector. The optical frequencies shift is the same for the distinctive ion groups. It is the basic result of given work:
DOI
10.1117/12.447946

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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics•Feb 1, 1999•6 citations
It is studied the effect of the ballistic phonons of heat pulses of the nanosecond duration on the inverted photon echoes in ruby and in LaF3:Pr3+ for 4777 angstroms (3Po - 3H4) transition at temperature 2 K. The phonon pulses are generated by fast joule heating of thin Cu-film. The photon echo is used as the phonon detector. The decrease in the echo intensity is observed experimentally when ballistic longitudinal phonon pulse was propagated in optically excited volume during photon echo formation. The echo intensity is restored up to initial values by the second ballistic longitudinal phonon pulse in our experiment. In this case the each impurity ion is interacted with two alike phonon pulses after the recording and, accordingly, reading laser pulses. This indicates, that the main effect of the heat ballistic phonon on impurity consists in a shift of the impurity optical frequencies, instead of in relaxation transitions. The energy level shifts are not depended on duration of a pulse in experiment. The effect of the two pulses of the heat ballistic phonons is not additive.
A stimulated photon-echo study has verified the instantaneous shift (\ensuremath{\le}1 MHz) and subsequent restoration (\ensuremath{\sim}2 ms) of the transition frequency of an impurity ion in a solid when its neighboring ions are exposed to pulsed optical excitation. Experiments were conducted by monitoring the echo intensity for the 7^{7}7${\mathit{F}}_{0\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{5}$D0{\mathit{D}}_{0}D0​ transition of Eu ions in one site of Y2{\mathrm{Y}}_{2}Y2​SiO5{\mathrm{SiO}}_{5}SiO5​, while exciting the other site. A photon-echo theory taking account of the stochastic frequency recovery is developed to explain the observations.
We continue the discussion of the nonperturbative theory of zero-phonon impurity lines in crystals formulated by Osad’ko and more recently by us. In that paper, a diagrammatic analysis was undertaken which led to analytic results for the thermal width and shift of the zero-phonon line. Here we evaluate these results for two model phonon densities of states: the Debye model for acoustic phonons, and a sharply peaked density of states appropriate for optical phonons. For Debye phonons we find that at low temperatures the standard (perturbative) theory of optical dephasing is qualitatively correct, but at high temperatures it becomes very inaccurate. Moreover, if one of the excited state phonon frequencies tends to zero (a soft mode), then perturbation theory breaks down completely. For optical phonons our results give an Arrhenius temperature dependence for the linewidth and place an upper bound on the value of the preexponential. In paper II of this series we will discuss dephasing by pseudo-local phonons, and in paper III we will compare our results to absorption, photon echo, and hole burning experiments.
A strong decreasing of the intensity of the inverse 2-pulse, 3-pulse and long lived 3-pulse photon echo was observed when a current pulse passed through the strip evaporated onto the surface of the sample (current pulse was applied before or after the laser pulses). The strip is heated by the current pulse and there is the voltage difference at the ends of the strip. The voltage difference creates instantly the nonuniform electric field in the region of optical excitation so the echo intensity is decreased by the short-lived nonuniform line width rise. The line width rise is differentiated for the distinct type ion sites in the LaF3 unit cell. The strip current-heating gives rise to a phonon pulse. When phonon pulse reaches the optically excited volume it causes the shift of energy levels of Pr3+ ions, effecting a phase accumulation and the echo intensity change as a consequence.