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TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering

Network Coding-Based Communications via the Controlled Quantum Teleportation

Dazu Huang, Shaoping Zhu, Dan Song, Ying Guo

Published Feb 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Inspired by the structure of the network coding over the butterfly network, a framework of quantum network coding scheme is investigated, which transmits two unknown quantum states crossly over the butterfly quantum system with the multi-photon non-maximally entangled GHZ states. In this scheme, it contains certain number of entanglement-qubit source nodes that teleport unknown quantum states to other nodes on the small-scale network where each intermediate node can pass on its received quantum states to others via superdense coding. In order to transmit the unknown states in a deterministic way, the controlled quantum teleportation is adopted on the intermediate node. It makes legal nodes more convenient than any other previous teleportation schemes to transmit unknown quantum states to unknown participants in applications. It shows that the intrinsic efficiency of transmissions approaches 100% in principle. This scheme is secure based on the securely-shared quantum channels between all nodes and the quantum mechanical impossibility of local unitary transformations between non-maximally entangled GHZ states. Moreover, the generalized scheme is proposed for transmitting two multipartite entangled states. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i2.2031

DOI
10.11591/telkomnika.v11i2.2031

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Inspired by the structure of the network coding over the butterfly network, a framework of quantum network coding scheme is investigated, which transmits two unknown quantum states crossly over the butterfly quantum system with the multi-photon non-maximally entangled GHZ states. In this scheme, it contains certain number of entanglement-qubit source nodes that teleport unknown quantum states to other nodes on the small-scale network where each intermediate node can pass on its received quantum states to others via superdense coding. In order to transmit the unknown states in a deterministic way, the controlled quantum teleportation is adopted on the intermediate node. It makes legal nodes more convenient than any other previous teleportation schemes to transmit unknown quantum states to unknown participants in applications. It shows that the intrinsic efficiency of transmissions approaches 100% in principle. This scheme is secure based on the securely-shared quantum channels between all nodes and the quantum mechanical impossibility of local unitary transformations between non-maximally entangled GHZ states. Moreover, the generalized scheme is proposed for transmitting two multipartite entangled states. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i2.2031
Motivated by multi-step quantum teleportation of single-qubit states and two-qubit states with entanglement swapping, we present a small scale quantum network communication scheme based on entanglement of Bell states. In this scheme, it contains certain number of single-qubit quantum source nodes that teleport unknown quantum states to other nodes in the network in the multi-teleport fashion where every intermediate node can pass on any of its received quantum information to others via multi-step quantum teleportation. It makes legal nodes more convenient than any other previous schemes to transmit unknown quantum states to unknown participants in practical applications. The security of this scheme is based on the securely-shared quantum channels between all nodes.
In order to improve the security and transmission efficiency of quantum network coding (QNC), we propose a new QNC scheme based on butterfly network. The scheme uses two groups of GHZ states to distribute quantum entangled states through intermediate nodes, so as to establish the connection between multiple nodes and achieve safe and reliable quantum traffic. This paper can not only improve the security of QNC, but also reduce the transmission of particles and improve the anti-interference ability of information. Compared with the traditional network coding method based on a priori entanglement, our scheme is a better attempt.
Quantum network coding is used to overcome the congestion problem in quantum networks, which can effectively improve the transmission efficiency and total throughput of quantum networks. Here, we propose a time-bin complexing network coding method for crossly transmitting two arbitrary single-qubit states over the butterfly network. To solve the congestion problem, a single photon with polarization and time-bin degrees of freedom acts as a bridge to entangle the two-dimensional quantum memories of two intermediate nodes in a heralded way. Finally, quantum 2-pair unicast communication is completed based on quantum teleportation and the heralded double entangled channels. Concerning dishonest intermediate nodes being concerned, a security-enhanced quantum 2-pair unicast communication protocol is presented. Security and performance are analyzed, and the result shows that the improved protocol is secure against the general entangle-measure attack of intermediate nodes. It can be extended to multiple unicast communication over a more general quantum network by exploiting the time-bin complexing technique.
An encryption-based networking quantum teleportation scheme is proposed for the secure quantum communication network based on the novel networking quantum key distribution (NQKD) with the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state. The security is exactly guaranteed via the entanglement of the GHZ quantum system. In the process of quantum teleportation, the server Charlie prepares the GHZ states and the users exploit the four local unitary operations corresponding to the keys shared aforehand to encrypt/decrpt for the initial messages. One legal user can communicate with another on the network securely as they may perform a quantum privacy application on the encrypted quantum states transmitted in quantum channel. Its intrinsic efficiency is high as almost all the instances are useful and each GHZ state can carry two different encrypted single-qubit states. To reconstruct these transmitted messages, the users exploit Bell measurement and perform local operations with respect to the shared keys in NQKD, which will improve its security in a noise quantum channel.
The combination of quantum communication technology and wireless networks brings a flexible and secure communication method, which adapts to a more complex network environment. In this paper, a new multi-hop teleportation scheme is investigated for transferring an unknown qutrit state between distant parties. The intermediate nodes are introduced and linked with each other via partially entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states as quantum channels. In this multi-hop teleportation protocol, the source node and all the intermediate nodes can perform the entanglement measurement and transmit the measurement results simultaneously. Furthermore, we find the relationship between the measurement results and the receiver’s state, which is given as the matrix form. Compared with previous protocols for multi-hop transmission, our scheme can reduce the transmission delay and save the transmission overhead.
Abstract We present an innovative approach for quantum teleportation (QT) in a three-dimensional (3D) quantum system, enabling the transmission of 3D quantum information from multiple senders to multiple receivers using a 3D maximally entangled GHZ-type state as a network channel.By substituting the quantum channel with a partially entangled GHZ-type state in a three-dimensional (3D) setting, we obtain an extension of the above scheme in which, when an auxiliary qubit is introduced, the receivers implement a two-particle unitary transformation and some proper 3D Weyl operators to jointly reconstruct the transmitted state with a certain probability and unit fidelity. Subsequently, inspired by the proposed schemes, a protocol for transferring a shared d-dimensional (dD) quantum state to multiple distant parties by using a dD maximally entangled GHZ-type state as quantum channel is presented, and it is generalized to the case of a dD partially entangled GHZ-type network channel by introducing an auxiliary qubit and executing a two-particle unitary transformation. Our schemes can relay quantum information over a network without requiring fully trusted central or intermediate nodes, and none of the participants can fully accesses the information.