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Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings)

Visible laser emission of Pr3+ in various hosts

Michał Malinowski, M.‐F. Joubert, Rachid Mahiou, B. Jacquier

Published Apr 1, 1994• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on the first observation of low temperature pulsed blue and orange laser emissions in Pr3+:YAG. Furthermore, we compare these results with similar observations in YLiF4 and YAlO3 doped crystals. Pulsed laser oscillations were obtained in crystals with uncoated surfaces by direct excitation of one of the relevant Stark components of the 3P0, 3P1 or 3P2 states. A carefull spectroscopic analysis of all these systems allows to clearly identify the laser transitions as arising from the 3P0 metastable state, the lifetime of which has been measured using a nanosecond pumped dye laser.

DOI
10.1051/jp4:19944130

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We report on the first observation of low temperature pulsed blue and orange laser emissions in Pr3+:YAG. Furthermore, we compare these results with similar observations in YLiF4 and YAlO3 doped crystals. Pulsed laser oscillations were obtained in crystals with uncoated surfaces by direct excitation of one of the relevant Stark components of the 3P0, 3P1 or 3P2 states. A carefull spectroscopic analysis of all these systems allows to clearly identify the laser transitions as arising from the 3P0 metastable state, the lifetime of which has been measured using a nanosecond pumped dye laser.
We report the results of detailed investigation of optical superradiance (SR) in LaF3:Pr3+ crystal resonantly excited on the 3P0-3H4(0) transition by laser pulse. When the power of the pumping pulse was higher than a certain threshold, the resonant medium emitted by optical SR pulse on 3P0-3H4(0) transition in the direction of the pumping pulse (as well as in the opposite direction) delayed in time with respect to the pumping pulse. Further increasing of the peak power of the pumping pulse led to the observation of SR on the 3P0-3H6(1) transition also. Thus, the two-color SR in the employed crystal was observed.
Studies of infrared quantum counter upconversion in LaF3:Pr3+ and LaCl3:Pr3+ have led to the discovery of a process in which a red excitation photon results in the emission of a blue photon. When the 1D2 level of Pr3+ is excited by a cw rhodamine 6-G dye laser, blue fluorescence from the 3P0 level is observed. From the flux dependence and lifetime of the induced fluorescence, we conclude that the observed phenomenon arises from excitation annihilation involving pairs of ions in the 3H6 and the 1D2 states.
Excited-state absorption spectra obtained by a pulsed pump–probe technique specially designed for the near-UV spectral domain were recorded in three Pr3+-doped fluoride crystals (KY3F10,LiYF4, and BaY2F8). These excited-state absorption spectra correspond to optical transitions from the 3P0 or the 1D2 metastable levels of the 4f2 configuration up to the first energy levels of the 4f5d electronic configuration. The position, the anisotropic behavior, and the line shape of the observed excited-state absorption bands are discussed and compared with ground-state absorption (from level 3H4) or direct excitation spectra available in the literature. Subsequently, two-step excitation into the 4f5d high-lying energy levels of Pr3 by means of 3P0 and 1D2 is shown to be an efficient way to produce broadband UV fluorescence by use of pump beams in the blue and the near UV.
The optical transition (3H4→1D2) of trivalent praseodymium embedded in crystalline matrices is a promising candidate for the realization of optically controlled quantum memories. This application requires a specific laser source emitting at 606 nm whose short-term linewidth is smaller than the linewidth of the considered ion, i.e., in the kHz range. Currently, this can only be addressed with a highly frequency stabilized dye laser [1]. In order to develop a simpler all-solid-state laser source suitable for coherent processing of Pr3+, we have explored Pr3+-doped fluoride materials which are well-known to offer a large range of available laser transitions in the visible spectrum ranging from blue to red [2] including an orange one around 600 nm, the pumping transitions lying in the blue between 445 and 480 nm. The recent developments of high power blue laser diodes emitting around 445 nm enable now the pumping of Pr-doped lasers in a compact setup. We present, here, the results we obtained with the diode pumping of a Pr3+:BaY2F8(Pr:BYF) crystal which emits at 607 nm.