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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Scheme for fourfold de Broglie wavelength reduction of a multi-photon wavepacket

Ole Steuernagel

Published Aug 1, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Twofold reduced de Broglie wavelengths have been observed in two-photon interference experiments. With present technology it should be possible to observe a fourfold reduction when using a four-photon state from spontaneous parametric down-conversion. It is proposed to use a Mach–Zehnder set-up, which shows boson enhancement at the input beamsplitter and thus allows us to circumvent fourth-order non-linearities which would be necessary otherwise. The fourfold decrease in the observed de Broglie wavelength with perfect visibility is in principle achievable. This constitutes a reduction of the observed de Broglie wavelength below the wavelength of the generating source.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/4/4/327

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Twofold reduced de Broglie wavelengths have been observed in two-photon interference experiments. With present technology it should be possible to observe a fourfold reduction when using a four-photon state from spontaneous parametric down-conversion. It is proposed to use a Mach–Zehnder set-up, which shows boson enhancement at the input beamsplitter and thus allows us to circumvent fourth-order non-linearities which would be necessary otherwise. The fourfold decrease in the observed de Broglie wavelength with perfect visibility is in principle achievable. This constitutes a reduction of the observed de Broglie wavelength below the wavelength of the generating source.
An experiment is proposed that permits the observation of the reduced de Broglie wavelengths of two- and four-photon wave packets using present technology. It is suggested to use a Mach-Zehnder setup and feed both input ports with light generated by a single nondegenerate down-conversion source. The strong quantum correlations of the light in conjunction with boson enhancement at the input beam splitter allow us to detect a two- and fourfold decrease in the observed de Broglie wavelength with perfect visibility. This allows a reduction of the observed de Broglie wavelength below the wavelength of the source.
Summary form only given. J. Jacobson et al. (1995) have shown theoretically that the measured de Broglie wavelength of an object is dependent on its internal structure. A fourth-order Young interference experiment is done to demonstrate a practical way to measure the photonic de Broglie wavelength of a two-photon wavepacket. Light in the two-photon state generated collinearly in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion. By modifying the transverse field profile of the pump laser beam that generates the two-photon beam we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that it is possible to measure the de Broglie wavelength of the constituents parts of the wavepacket, the de Broglie wavelength of the two-photon wavepacket (biphoton) as a whole and an undefined intermediate de Broglie wavelength between the two cases.
A fourth-order Young interference experiment was done to demonstrate a practical way to measure the de Broglie wavelength of a two-photon wave packet. A two-photon collinear beam is generated by type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. By modifying the transverse field profile of the pump laser beam that generates the two-photon beam we demonstrate that it is possible to measure the de Broglie wavelength of the single-photon constituents of the two-photon wave packet, the de Broglie wavelength of the two-photon wave packet as a whole and an ill defined intermediate de Broglie wavelength between the two cases.
Summary form only given. Recently, Jacobson et al. ( see Phys. Rev. Lett., vol.74, p. 4835 (1995)) proposed the concept of "photonic de Broglie wave" in multiphoton states. They argued that the photonic de Broglie wavelength of an ensemble of photons with wavelength /spl lambda//sub 0/ and average number of photons N can be measured using a special interferometer with "effective beam splitters" that do not split the multiphoton states into constituent photons. Fonseca et al. see Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 82, p. 2868 (1999)) measured the photonic de Broglie wavelength of a two-photon state ("biphoton") using a kind of Young's interferometer. We propose and demonstrate the measurement of photonic de Broglie wavelength of biphotons generated by parametric down-conversion utilizing the usual Mach-Zehnder interferometer.